https://zbiory.etnologia.uw.edu.pl/files/original/5d6e026e2b1c682e5ead5a3d8e7cc848.pdf 3a93e87ddc23da486a8756bd06f9c82d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lud Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Polskie Towarzystwo Ludoznawcze Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Licencja PTL Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource pol Type The nature or genre of the resource czasopismo Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. 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Relation A related resource oai:cyfrowaetnografia.pl:publication:190 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context oai:cyfrowaetnografia.pl:165 Title A name given to the resource Róźne / LUD 1958/59 t.45 Description An account of the resource LUD 1958-59 t.45, s.567-663 Language A language of the resource pol Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Polskie Towarzystwo Ludoznawcze Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf application/pdf PDF Text Text capture metadata for PDF documents Text ó R ż N E Jan Czekanowski ETHNIC STRUCTURE OF AFRICA AND ITS LATEST FEATURES The African continent forms a perifery overflown by migration waves from Eurasia. Due to its geographic specifity this continent is also a zo:'!e with not very transformed r~lics of various component parts of African population brought by those waves. A genetic synthesis of the actual many-coloured eThnic picture of the African continent ought to be therefore based upon information concerning the consecutive migration layers. Unfortunately historical written sources can give us only data about the three last big expansions standing out against a linguistic background, which have transformed the ethnic conditions in Africa. They cast light upon the question of invasions of Indoeuropean, Semitic and partly Hamitic folks to .!Iuch an extent that we are able to understand the matter of the transmigrations of the indigenous population in connection withabove mentioned catastrophes. As to the old layers of African population which were the result of migration processes in the remote past, not illustrated by information coming from historical sources, we must, if we want to study tho.!!e layers, rely upon the results of ethnographic, anthropologic and linguistic investigations which in the neare.!!t future will be probably in a very modest degree, supplemented by archaeologic achievements. This concerns above all the immence territory of the very differentiated Negro formation together with the South-Eastern zone of Hamitic expansion. The synthetic summary of investigation results concerning the material culture of African folks given by Bernhard Ankermann enabled not only a general identification of the main complexes of culture which bare testimony of migration processes in· the past reconstructed on this base, but made also possible to compare those complexes with the achievements of anthropology and partly even with the results of linguistic investigation5. It is a schematic review of the history of the African population with a range including the past from the pluvial era up to the European diluvium; the above author gives also in his work a description of the Asiatic and European invasions confirmed by historical sources. Due to the remaining relics of the remote past the reconstruction of the history of the African population can prove to be quite a success. i , �572 573 The European colonial expansion differs from the former invasions because a comparatively small quantity of newcomers from European lands has invaded the whole African continent and organized the exploitation of this natural resources in such an extent as never before. At the present time we witness the beginning of a process when the waves of the invasion which have flooded the African continent begin to slide off leaving there the native population. Stefan Łysik AFRICAN PYGMIES AND THE PROBLEM OF THEIR LANGUAGE Pygmies, i. e. dwarfish tribes living somewhere in distant lands had been already mentioned by ancient writers. Egyptian sources from about 4 thousand years ago tell us about some divine dwarf-dancers, which were brought to the capital Memphis from virgin rorests of Central Africa. Writers of ancient Greece and Rome like Herodotus and Homer, later Ktesias, Pliny and others, following the example of Egyptians dropped also hints of little known dwarfs-pygmies in their works, locating the dwellings of those tribes somewhere at the peripheries of the antIque world. Then during the whole medieval era, up to the modern times nothing has been heard of them. We know about this folk only that what had been quoted by ancient writers. That is why these antique items of information have been considered to be fairy-tales. In 1870, the explorer Schweinfurth, and before him, du Chaillu, discovered in the woods of Central Africa roving tribes of dwarfs, the exintence of which in the world was unknown till then. Because of their resemblance to Negroes, they have been named in the French manner NegrilIaes, i. e. small Negroes. The scientific world took great interest in that discovery. The scholars were captivated by the small stature of this folk. They soon became keen on other tribes of dwarfish height living in other continents, especially in Asia. It appeared that many a dwarfish tribe was known there for scores and even hundreds of years to some nations, like Arabs, Spaniards and later to Englishmen. These nations knew the Aet;"! dwarfs of the Philippine Islands, the Semand dwarfs of the Peninsula of Malaya and the Andamans of the Archipelago. The Spaniards have given all these dwarfish tribes a common name "Negritaes" oar small Nogr02s. The French scientist, A. de Quatrefages thought they were descendants of the ancient pygmies, mentioned by the antique writers and he proposed therefore to call the Asiatic Negritoes and the African Negrilloes - Pygmies. Beside the common name, all these dwarfish folks were suppos'?d to belong to one single Pigmy race and culture and according to palaeontologists' opinions of those days they were considered to stay, because of their dwarfish undeveloped form, at the beginning of some evolutional chain and in that way the Pigmy race ought to be the oldest one, out of which all other races developed later. This opinion was mainly propagated by the Swiss Kollmann and after him for some time by W. Schmidt and other scientists who were also willing to ascribe all these Pygmies to one homogenous culture, the oldest in the world. Thus, the Pigmies became a very important problem in the history of mankind evolution. This problem became more complicated in time because of more d~teiled inv€stigations performed with dwarf groups scientifically little known or quite unknown and because of fudher discoveries of dwarfish groups in the world, e. g. on the Hebrides, New Guinea and in other places. The problem was in some way darkened by Emil Schmidt, who in 1905, disregarding other specific, racial and cultural features proposed to class in the Pigmy group all dwarfish tribes whose height did not exceed 150 em. Further complication of the Pygmy problem arose in connection with their native language because more minute investigations on the Pygmies revealed that although all the dwarfish tribes, considered to be Pygmies, distinctly differed from their tall neighbours in so far that they owed a specific, very primitive culture and some dwarfish racial features, but in the question of language were rather similar to them. They spoke the language of their neighbours which were different in racial and cultural respects, or used some relics of a littee known language. Only the Bushmen and Andamans which were at that time still considered to by Pygmies, used in everyday life their native language. Probably this lack of a native language convinced some scientists to deny the pygmies to have any kind of historical independence and to consider them to be a degenerated race. The best answer to that lot of difficulties in solving the Pygmy problem has perhaps given the same W. Schmidt, who since 1910 encouraged by all means the scientists in the world to begin immediately with a thorough investigation in order to settle the Pigmy question in the history of mankind evolution. He helped to organize after the first world war several scientific expeditions to various dwarfish tribes. It was by that time probably tile most valuable contribution to the researches and discussion about Pigmies. There was a lot of exploreres. The first scientifically trained explorer in this line was our Jan Czekanowski, who investigated the Pigmies and Pigmoid tribes in Africa in 1907/8. Among other Pigmy investigators cif great merit were Vanoverbergh, Schumacher, Gusinde and others, and first of all Paul Schebesta, who has be2'n making scientific researches concerning all the Pigmies in the world for se,'eral decades. In 6 expedi- �575 574 tions which roughly the For some complicated he made between 1922 and 1955 he tried to investigate dwarfish tribes in different places of Asia and Africa. time past he has been inten~ively working to solve linguistic problems of the Pygmies. thovery The last word in science after lasting investigations is as follow~: in has been definitely stated that all the dwarfish tribes in Asia, Africa and Oceania greatly differ in anthropologic, ethnologic, linguistic and religious respect~. Thus, it can be no question of a genefic link between African and Asiatic Pygmies. The most authentic Pygmies proved to be the dwarfish tribes in Central Africa, particularly the Bambuti who are living in a complex mass, in woods on the Ituri banks, in Belgian-Congo. Only those dwarfish tribes in Central Africa have the right to be called "Pygmies" and 'noother folk in the world has such r1gh t. The refusa,l of granting thi~ term to some other dwarfish tribes in Africa, Oceania and especially to the Asiatic dwarfs - Negritaes, doesn't of course mean the cancellation of their great significance in the history of mankind development. The linguistic aspect of the question amounts to that: the Negritaes, L e. the tribes Aeta of the Philippine Islands and the Semang of the Malaya have probably lost their native language. The Aeta are using today dialects of their tall neighbour~, the Semang have kept the ancient languages of the Australasian linguistic group, The Andamans nave saved their native language. As to the authentic Pygmies, to whom, according to latest opinions of the majority of specialists in this line, belong the Bambuti tribes in Central Africa, - despite all pretences, they pos~ess their native language, although in a relic state. Their own language has been superlaid by more modern Negro dialects. In this way their language became a substratum uf the three linguistic Negro - Bambuti groups from the Ituri basin, viz. one Pigmy - Bantu group and two groups of Pigmy - Sudan languages. Thus, those are the languages actually spoken by Bambuti Pigmies a~ well as by their Negro neighbours living with the former in a special form of community, which the in. estigators call symbiosis. These three groups of languages correspond to the division of Bambuti Pigmies into three groups: Basua Efa and Aka. In all tho~e languages,' especially in those spoken by B;mbuti, many grammatical, lexical and phonetical relics of the old Pygmy language can be found. Paul Schebesta is among the investigators of the Pigmy problem rather the only specialist in the world who has a very big comparative linguistic material concerning this folk, collected during his expeditions to their land which lasted many years. Only he can tell something definite about their language. He has just annouced the publication of the third volume about the Bambuti Pigmies which will exclU5ively deal with the question of the Pigmy language. Waclaw Korabiewicz MA WIA BIG ARTISTS In 1947 when I went to work at the King George's Vth Museum in Dar-es-sal~am, Tanganyika, I found there a very original mask, a similar one I have seen in no European museum. Slightly larger than life size it was carved from a single piece of very light wood. The nose was flat, lips large and fleshy, teeth bared and cut out individually. The whole face was covered with scar~ and tattooing stuck on with wax. Tfie most original things about the mask, however, were the half-closed eyelids and its real negro's hair. The eyelids made it appear a death mask. The inside of the mask was hollowed out and the opening of the neck large enough to enable the mask to be placed over the head of a óoy or youth. Naturally, I tried to discover the origin of this mask. Unfortunately, the only reference in the Museum's book5 recorded it as being the gift of a priest from the Mission at Lindi. The donor was since long dead, and except that nobody knew anything else. There was nothing to be done but to go to Lindi, and this I did, but all I achieved was to discover that none of the missionaries working there had ever seen a mask like that. They, however, suggested me to go to Nanyanga, which I -dId. A long and exhau~ting pilgrimage began from place to place in search of traces of the mask. In the territories of The Wamwere, Makua and Makonde (Tanganyika) I found several interesting masks, but they were all flat, covering only the front of the face and already described and illustrated in Karl Weule's excellent book N a t i veL ife in East A f l' i c a. I was on the point of giving up the search when, in Kitangari, not far from the Mozambique boundary, I was brought a splendid old mask of the same kind as that in Dar-es-Salaam, though arti5tically even more interesting. Unfortunately, I was not able to discover where it came from, but it looked as though it had been made by the Mawia, that Is a branch of the Makonde tribe living on the far side of the River Ruwuma, in Portuguese Mozambique. I, therefore, crossed the frontier and with the help of the local authorities wenf from village to village asking. about the mask. As before, no one had even heard of it, and I was almost beginning to believę that thi5 might be the case, since such a conscientious searcher as Karl Weule had never found one. After two weeks of being sent from chief to chief, from mission te mission, I was making my way back to my point of departure when a strange coincidence struck me: I was passing the entrance to a path leading into the bush and realized that I had already passed two others �577 576 like it. It was not the path itself, for there were lots of narrow paths like that one, but the decorative way in which all three entrances were ornamented. It was only when I was passing these symbols for the third time that I became properly aware of them and felt that I wanted to see what lay beyond. I turned down that third path, but my porters warned me then that one was not allowed to go that way without permission of the chief. I decided, therefore, to put a distance between myself and those inconvenient witnesse~ and sent the porters ahead, and followed them at some space. As I had expected, I soon came to a fourth path similarly marked and turning into it ran down it for a hundred yards or so. The path led in a zigzag to a small clearing, on one side of which was a baobab and on the ground, in the shade of this was a ring of large, flat stones and in the centre of this ring ~ome ashes of a bonfire. At the other side of the clearing, rather withdrawn, and hidden, stood a tiny hut. Its low roof almost descended to the ground. It had no windows or door, only one opening. Without he~itation I crawled inside and stood up. It was dark. I could feel a roof just above my head. Cautiously, I felt over it with hands. There seemed bo be a shelf. I thrust my hand in and found three objets wrapped in rags. Pulling down one of these I was delighted to feel that it contained a mask. At that moment I noticed in a strip of light a line of bare feet in front of me. I was surrounded by Negroes. Still clutching my prize, I crawled out into the light. In front of me stood at least fifty old men. Gravely, though with reluctance, they gazed into my face. I unwrapped the mask. It was identical with that in the Museum at Dar-es-Salaam. I told the men that I would buy the mask. paying whatever they asked. Out of respect for the Wazungu they did not protest and accepted the money I gave them. "But", said"the eldest of the men, "Ewana Mkubwa cannot have the midimo mask here and now. We will move to the road and a little further on, in the bush. Bwana must not show it to anyone, or there will be awful trouble". "All right, but I want to buy the other two as well". "We have no others, only this one". IndignaJnt at such a lie I crawled back into the hut, and ~treched out my hand for the other masks. The shelf was empty. The masks had vanished. Rather crestfallen, I crawled out again. It would be useless to insist. I had let myself be led up the garden path. After a while, when I was outside the areaof the secret repository, they brought me the mask as they had promised, carefully packed in a basket and covered with leaves and rags. That is how I discovered the great secret of the Mawia tribe. Within a short time I had been down a dozen or more wch paths ornamented with magical signs, which are called "Mpolo", and found scores of inte·- resting masks which none of the local missionaries had ever seen, nor had Karl Weule. That was in 1947. A couple of years later, it was possible to find a standardized type of mask (yellow) being offered for sale in Tanganyika territory by Mawia labourers doing seasonal work on the sisal farms. Later, when I visited Mozambique for the third time in 1953, I found that a great change had taken place: some Europeans near the frontier had organized a regular trade in figures and masks which they shipped to America. The Negroes, tempted by the profits, forgot all about their tabu. The magical signs at the mouths of the paths had gone, gone were the birds on strings, the little hedges, and any Mpolo I found gave the impression of being abandoned and neglected. As it was I didn't find in any shop or in private ownership such black masks, and I am convinced that the really interesting, fine specimens so farfound are those I managed to get for the Museums of Tanganyika, New York and Poland. In, iew . of the fact that so many of the customs of the Mawia' are dying out and of all t.he sad changes I found on my recent visit, I felt that I had to put on record all that I knew of them. First, I wish to draw attention to a mistake in Wieschhoff's B i b l i 0g l' a p h y a f N e g l' a A f l' i c a, published by the American Oriental Society. Nothing appears under Makonde, but under "K" is the name Konde followed immediately, as though they were synonyms, by names in brackets, Makonde, Ngonde, Wakonde, Wamakonde, Wamgonde, Wankonde and Wanyankiuzu. We must remember that the change of Wa into Ba in Negro languages denotes the plural, but not always and not everywhere. For example, the group of substantives beginning with Ma (Makonde) or N (Ngonde) do not change in the plural. Thus the names given by Wieschhoff (p. 262), Warnakonde, Wangonde, are incorrectly formed. The Nkonde tribe, or the Wankonde, does not exist. Wieschhoff has erroneously included under the common designation "Kand e", two tribes that have nothing to do with each other, the Ngonde, from the shores of Lake Nyasa (blood relatives: Nyankiuzu) and the Makonde from the River Ruwuma (blood relatives: Mawia). I suggest that all tribes listed on page 262 under Konde, and those on page 458 under Wamawia, should be regrouped and listed under "Makonde" (Mawia) and "Ngonde" (Nyakyuza), respectively. The great l\,jakonde C:wells at the lewer banks of the Ruwuma rLTer, viz. in the district of Nevala on the Tanganyika side, and in those of lVIociboa and Dos Makondes on the Mozambique side. The Ruwuma is thus a natural barrier which divides the Makonde into two separate branches, each having completely different conditions of life, the first under German administration and the second under Portuguese. The 120 miles coastal strip of the Ruwuma river inhabited by fi537 "Lud" t LXV �578 579 herm en of Swahili ongm adds further to this division and as a result, it is difficult to find to-day some common ethnological features in these two branches. There is reason to suspect that the Makonde people of Mozambique used to be cannibals. Even now the neighbouring tribes tell incredible tales about them, based on their strange gastronomic taste for monkey, rat flesh and various worms. This has earned them the contemptuous name "Mawia" by which they are known to their neighbours. They are deeply hurt by this and insist on calling themselves "Makonde" only. The Mawia inhabit the territory encircled by the Ruwuma river in the North, the Indian Ocean in the East, the Mdalo and the Mriti rivers in the South, and the Luienda river in the West. They are an agricultural people, strongly attached to their land. They move seasonally to neighbouring Tanganyika in order to earn money, and always with the idea of returning soon. They are very orthodox in their customs and different from other Bantu tribes. It is out of the question for a Mawia woman to marry a stranger. The Mawia men used to protect their WiVES and daughters from kidnapping by disfiguring them with horrlble ugly lip-plugs inserted into the upper lips. Most probably because of the disgusting nature of "their food and their different ways, the Mawia have a reputation for being slovenly. In reality they are cleaner than most of the Bantu tribes. Their villages are bu"lt in the shape of a quadrangle around a large, well- kept yard in the middle of which is a strong chicken cage erected on high poles in order to protect it against. leopards. The interiors of their huts are spacious and clean. Domestic animals are kept in separate pens. Their utensils are often beautifully ornamented, especially tht water jugs. Fundam'2ntally, the Mawia are aesthetes and artists. The roads and paths leading to their dwellings are hedged and carefully clipped. Even flowers are sometimes cultivated, a very unusual thing among Negroes,.-.·" --- C A R V I N G. The Mawia have a special talent for carving. Like all primitive races, they are lacking in creative initiative, and therefore repeat the traditional patterns inherited from their forefathers, preserving long forgotten forms as a kind of a sculptural "Legend". Almost every village has its great "Fundi" (Craftsmen) whose inherent talent local authorities are now trying to warp by forcing them to follow European or Indian common patterns instead of encouraging them to cultivate a beatiful, austere primitive Negro art. They make the things of everyday use: cooking vesse;s, 5::;00n5, waler-j'ugs or pipes, clubs, drums, gun.powder containers and finally ... MASKS. M A SKS. These represent the highest form of artistic achievement I believe the earliest masks were true copies of the heads of slain enemies. As a rule the eyelids are half closed, giving a peaceful expression to the dead face. The masks ("Midimo") are objects of greatest secrecy, jealously, guarded by tribal "taboo". No woman is allowed to see them. If she does, she runs the risk of dying or at the very least of becoming barren. This belief is deep, sincere and generally held, that is why the Mawia hide their masks in special secret places called "Mpolo". However, when the dancer appears at the Ngoma (dancing) wearing his mask, women may look at it without hurt. It would appear that Mawia women really do believe in the supernatural origin of the dancers. This great mystery surrounding the Midimo represents the cardinal, basic ritual of the Mawia life. Mawia masks can be divided into two groups: 1) The standard masks. The individual masks. 2) s, L T h e S t a n d a l' d M a s k let us ::all them the "Helmet Masks", are found in every, village, yellow in colour, with tribal tattooing and sharp features hardly resembling those of living faces, rather knight's helmets. II. T h e I n d i v i d u a l M a s k is usually There are four sub- groups: a unique, original specimen. a) m a s k s o f E u l' o p e a n f a c e s, painted black, as a rule with a tendency to express malicious, satiric criticism. b) m a s k s o f M o n g o l i a n f a c e s varying in colour, sometimes white, sometimes black, whose Eastern features most probably date back to the days of trade relations between the Asania coast and China. c) m a s k s o f H i n d u f a c e s, - practically always yellow, with coloured turbans of the Sikh Sect. This group has only appeared in recent times. d) m a s k s o f A f l' i c a n n a t i v e s with local tatuage. Mawia masks are seldom old, as it is customary to destroy them every three years. The older specimens are to be found on the left bank of the Ruwuma river, in the area of the Tanganyika Makonde branch, where this custom does not exit. All masks are made from "Ntone" wood, which is porous and very soft, and thus easy to work. The wood is very light and does not crack with the change of temperature or humidity. For tbeir work the Mawia use self-made tools such as: a) small handle. knife, sharpened on both sides set on a wooden cylindrical b) the same knife only curved flatly at the end, for scooping purposes. c) a kind of file made of a long slab with parallel incisions on it. d) pieces of glass from broken bottles to smooth the wood. The masks are coloured with powdered fire-brick, charcoal and white clay mixed with ground nut oil, called "Karangi", to make a paint. Real hair is always glued to the cranium of the mask. 37 \. �580 The Midimo is shaped like a helmet and has a wide opening in the neck, through which the dancer puts his head. It is very skilfully hollowed till it is as thin as a sheet of paper. The carver very seldom drives his tool through by mistake. Usually, all masks are tattooed, but this is done just before the dance, at the very last moment. For this purpose Mawia artists use beeswax which they mix with groundnut oil and a little powdered charcoal and ashes, spread and roll the mixture between outstretched palms into a maccaroni shape, then put it on the surface of the mask forming lines and triangles in perfect imitation of the tribal tattoo. As I have already mentioned, the midimo are kept in secret places called "Mpolo". MPOLO. A narrow, tortuous path leads to the Mpolo, winding round bushes and tree-trunks. It turns off from the main road somewhere close to a large village. The entrance is cleary marked, most likely in order to warn the uninitiated. On either side of the path a slender tree is planted and the two tops are joined by a string on which dead, dried birds are threaded, looking like coloured beads of a necklace. Underneath, on both sides there are low miniature hedges (25 em. X 20 em.). The entrance to the path is usually covered with clean yellow sand. So did those "Mpolo" look in 1947, when I saw them for the first time. When I revisited the place in 1954, the stringed birds were no longer there, and the hedges were not so well kept. On the whole, the importance of Mpolo, as I noticed, seems to be dying out. And presumably that of the tribal Taboo will soon become a thing of the past. The path leads to a baobab tree beneath which is a ring of flat stones. On one side, somewhat hidden, stands a small hut with a low grass roof. One is obliged to enter on all fours. Darkness reigns inside. The hut is not high but allows one to draw. oneself up to full height. In doing sO,our hands will find the shelr"c;ii:which the mysterious masks are kept carefully wrapped in rags. Usually, there are several of them. wIth their ha·cks turned to the light, and the faces hidden. The tendency to transmit traditional forms to new generations is not only seen in lVIawian sculpture, but also and even more strongly in the traditional ritual dance of the "Renaissance Knight". RITUAL DANCER. Any newcomer from Europe will be greatly astonished at the sight of the Renaissance Knight who suddenly appears in the midst of the Negro crowd. There cannot be the slightest doubt as to the origin of the costume of that dancer. White tricot, coloured ruff round the neck, chain armour made of twisted grass, puffed coloured trousers, and instead of helmet- a Midimo on the head. He is a grotesque, ludicrous caricature of a Knight of the time of Vasco de Gama. Let us describe his clothes in detail: The tricot consists of two strips 581 of cheap white calico - ·one of which covers both arms, the other - bot;1 legs. The material is shaped to the arms using thorns as pins. The ruff and trousers are made of cheap coloured calico. The chain armour is plaited from twisted grass. A procession of young men led by the Renaissance Knight advances to the sounds of beating drums and rhythmical singing. The leader trips and stumbles and feels his way like a blind man as for some unknown reason, the Midimo masks are made without hol~s f~r the eyes, so the poor dancer has to look downward through thc fissures between the teeth of the mask. Some friend pushes him in t.he right direction. R I T U A L D A N C E R. Every Saturday and Sunday a "Ngama" (Dance) is held in one of the neighbouring villages. Mawia are very ;;ociably and friendly people and therefore everyone attends, going in procession led by their "Knights". At their destination, the guests gather spontaneously in separate groups according to the number of different lVIpolos represented. In the middle of each group, a free space is formed with the Knight at one end and the band of drums at the other. After a short period of waiting in silence an orchestra of small drums beaten with switches starts up. Its high-pitched music resembles the croaking of frogs. It is a special ritual tune not to be found anywhere else. Each Knight spreads his arms then as if they were wings, crooks his fingers, and bends his knees, in this grotesque attitude he begins to run, to shake and to jump. Flapping his arms and kicking out with his legs, he turm round at breathless speed and finally reaches the first row of the drums, exhausted where he falls into the arms of his guardian friend, who offers him a ch~ir. The moment he has finished his dance the crowd with raised hands points at the Knight and shouts imprecations, the wording of which unfortunately I have not been able to discover, since everyone gave a different interpretation. It seems to me that tradition has preserved only the original gestures, and not the words. Nowadays, as far as I could discover they curse their personal enemies. On the whole, this ritual costume' and dance seem to have been copied blindly from that of their forefathers, while the costume is an accurate copy of the dress of some Portuguese conqueror of Vasco de Gama's day. The mask itself with its idea of being put over the head is derived from the knight's helmet, but the dance is satirical and jeering. There are other similar dances, but in these no Knight takes part. To the beating of small drums, now at a much slower tempo, rows of young men march in a swaying step, with swinging arms, moving like clumsy apes. When they reach the drum, they halt, to give the musicians time to withdraw a little, and, that done, the theatrical show takes place. Unf0rtunately I had no opportunity to study these performances carefully. I remember only one. �582 583 T H E A T R I C A L S H O W. Leopard Hunting. Through the legs of the spectators standing in a wide circle crawls a very old man, his neck and back co. ered with a leopard skin. He has to be a great F d'" (specialist). With his belly flat on the ground, he crawls alOng," a~~h;5 hIs gassy, .spotted spine, stiffens his muscles, and puts his whole childishly gleeful heart into his acting. Soon after this come the archers each h Id' a b' t l ' a Inc, mv,.. no a rea one but made on the 5,pot ,of a rough boweJ branch an.d WIth arrows that are too long and have wads of cotton wool for pOInts. Th: 2rchErs make a lot of noise. They approach the leopard, jurno away agam, shout and run about without accomplishing anything, Th~ leo~ard roars and charges furiously, So the comedy continues ad nauseam untIl at last, a new figure, that of "Wazungu" the masked Knight: appe,ars .on t~e scene. He holds a real, antique flint-lock in his hands. Restmg It agamst his stomach he pulls the flint trigger. A terrible stunning ~oar drowns all other noise: the shouts of the people, the beating of the ~rums, and smoke blots e~erything out. When the smoke clears, Wazungu IS see.n on the ground wIth the furious leopard on top of him. Terrific shoutmg, clapPing. of. hands and stamping of feet eventually scare the leo;,>ard away. and, It ~mally disappears between the legs of the spectators. The poor Kmght IS lIfted up and carried away on men's shoulders. Then the leopard rushes in again, but this time the brave archers kill him Wit~ spe~rs. The dramatic. story seems to be ended, but no! - Wazung appear's a~all1, .healed from hIs w:mnds or may b·::,., . res',:ITected. Th<~ cr:wd' greets hIm WIth scornful whistles, and he takes th'i hint and goes away again. ,'d O R C H ~ S T R A. The orchestra for dancing is exclusively composd of smalI-, blg- and medium-sized drums; there are no string instrumenls. a) S ID all. d l' U m s. These are not tucular, but scoped out with only ~ne open end In shape like a_-"\line~glass. Across the one open end a skin IS stretched and secured by-means of'pegs driven into the wood and tightllashed round with string like a cuff (upper diameter of drum - 15 cr: lower --:- 10 em.) Very cften the tase of these drums is made in som~ geometrIcal ~hape, or is carved to resemble the human head that is typical for all MaWIa sculpture. b) B i g d l' U m s ("Nionda") These are narrow and very long, lii,,~ the barrel of a cannon. Their diameter is similar to that of the small dru.ms,. but unlike these, they are hoilow right through frem top to base. It IS Important to notice that Mawia Fundis sccop their drums WUl ~and-made tools only and never by means of fire. As it approaches the oase e.ach long drum tapers into a waist which is often richly carved. It IS ~ fact :hat there are fewer and fewer objects of such real and ~ure natIve art 111 the whole primitive world nowadays. Except for a small 1ron bell attached to the dancer's feet the Mawia use no ether musical instruments at Ngomas. The masked on his ankles and chain armour, Knight too has iron bells hanging O T H E R O B J E C T S of -H A N D I C R A F'T. - The Mawia smoke tobacco. The Elders smoke special water-pipes called "Niungw'a", which are very similar to the Arab nargiles. The smoke from the clay bowl passes through a water container made of coconut shell. There is a good description of Niungwa in H. D. Collings "Notes on the Makonde Tribe of Port. East Africa" (MAN, XXIX, 1929, page 25) so let it suffice here to reprodUCE a photograph of what unfortunately is most probably the last specimen, though the common type of Nyungwa without the human leg shape may perhaps still be found, C I u b s, circumcision axes, and spoons richly ornamented with typical Maconde heads can still be found, But the most interesting objects are the "Ingaringa" or powder horns made of wood and horn, (See sketches in excellent ethnographical work of Karl W'2ule: "Native Life of E. Africa".) No doubt, Ingaringa belong to the past as do flint-locks with which they were used. They are oblong boxes with sliding lids, sometimes very nicely carved. Some specimes have features of a Chinaman witha funny pig- tail. Among the handkraftof Mawia we can find also round, wooden stools consisting of two plates joined by three human figures. These Caryatide-like figures stand on the lower plate supporting the upper one. The whole is made of a single piece of solid, heavy wood. As the Mawia never use stools and prefer to sit on the ground or, better, to squat, stools were produced for the neighbouring tribes or for the Wazungu. That is why the best old specimens obtained by some museums have teen found on the TanganyikaMakonde territory. B l' a c e l e t s are mainly made of copper or brass, occasionally of ivm:y. There are four kinds of metal bracelets: l) Broad and embossed, with scratched ornamentation, called Gagele, 2) Narrow but wider, cut lengthwise through, caled "Machana", 3) Still narrower and less ornamented, called "Makangana". 4) Very heavy, thick and broad, called "Makomea". U t e n s i l s: There i's also a great variety of differe.ntly sha,ped domestic utensils made of wood, such as spoons, stirring sticks, bowls, trays and plates. Formerly all these were decorated in a very original manner. C l a y Wat e l' J a l' s. These call for a special attention, They are fashiorred by hands without the use of any mould. The average size is abod half a meter in diameter. Such jars are beautifully decorated all round, The pattern is engraved and subsequently whitened so that the figureS and pattern stand out nicely from the black background. The best specimens of this work are to be found in Nakapemba village. (posta Midumbe). The Mosambique branch of the Makonde tribe deserves special ethnological study, but for this I had neither time nor opportunity, �584 585 T H E M A K O N D E of T A N G A N Y I KAT. The Makonde living in Tanganyika differ from the Makonde of Portuguese E. Africa in the following ways. a) D i e t - they do not eat rats, monkeys, bush- babies, nor any vermin. b) T a t t a 0- different and not sa rich. c) L i p - p l u g s - "Niania" are white not black and without metallic sticks on the top. d) C a l' v i n g - They have no gift for carving. e) D a n c e s - The ritual Knight Dance is not known. Instead they have several other dances, the most characteristic of which are: 1) the S t i l t D a n c e, seen in Kitangari village, and "P a k e t e D a n c e, for which a special kind of rattles made of round Miumba fruits are used. The fruits are fastened together in clusters making a musical instrument called "Maheve", which is attached to the dancer's calf. 2) They also make percussion music by beating empty bamboo stems with small sticks. They do not use small drums and their big drums are different in shape, being narrower in the centre and widening towards both ends, like a bobbin. A skirt like a "Hula-Hula" skirt is often worn for dancing. This is called "Enkunumbi". A hat made of black vulture feathers and called "Lich and a" is also popular. It consists of two parts: a) a rim of plaited grass, and b) a number of feathers fastened to a string which, just before the Ngoma, is inserted round the edge of the rim into a special notch, thus spacing out the feathers. Nowadays, theó Makonde wear European pyjamas for the stilt dance, which gives it the appearance of being a maskarade or circus turn. f) M a s k s groups: 1. black 2. with 3. 4. 5. they make only flat face-masks, divided into the following Wazungu masks used -iH--Stilt Dances with black mustaches hair, made from goat hide, very banal in expression. Makonde masks with the specific, characteristic tribal tattoo the lip-plug for a female face. Animal masks - dogs, monkeys, wild pigs etc. Masks of different menacing monsters, or caricatures. Masks of women's breasts so - called "Maziwa". and and The above features distinguish these two branches of the Makonde tribe. What is much more difficult is to find what they have in common. The following, if any, may be mentioned: al the custom of filing their front teeth to a lion- like shape. b) the manufacture of masks. Although these differ in character, the very fact of their manufacture is important, since only these two branches uf the one tribe are the only people making them in East Africa. There have been rumours of masks having been found in other parts of Tanganyika Territory or even in Kenya, but they have not been confirmed and ought to be checked up. I have read about masks being made by the Masaya, but this is pure nonsense, because the latter paint their faces and never wear masks. Among the neighbouring tribes of Wamwere and lVIakua one can sometimes find roughly hewn masks, but these are imitations of the original Makonde masks. c) the use lip - plugs, though these too are distinct in shape and colour. Summarizing the foregoing, I have come to the conclusion that the deviation between the two branches is a process of centuries and has progressed so far that we are entitled to classify them as two separate tribes, and I should be inclined to consider the derisiv(' nickname of "Mawia" borne by the Mosambique branch as a true tribal name, under which they are recognized and acknowledged by all their neighbours and even by more distant tribes. I I Edu:ard Bulanda IS IT THE CRISIS i .1 ~j OF THE VIENNA ETHNOLOGIC SCrWOL? The date of W. Schmidt's death, 1954, was at the same time the year of the twenty - fifth anniversary of the Vienna University Ethnologic Institute in the extraordinary development of which the late professor played the leading part. Those two coincident facts have given impetus to perform an analysis of the total ethnologic activity of the Vi,mna School, a critical evaluation of its investigations and to make some corrections of the methods applied hitherto by that institution, viz. the so called method of ,cultural circles. 1. In spite of war losses the international :scientific reputation of the Vienna Institute did not suffer, the proof of it being the IV International Congress of Anthropology and Ethnology which too!, place in Vienna and the unanimous election of professor W. Schmidt as president of the Congress who was rewarded in this way according to his enormous deserts for the science. "He was undoubtedly one of the greatest investigators in the domain of our study" these were the words about him .. writt n by prof. Kaj Birket - Smith, the 2 IV. 1954. A special meaning for the development of the Imtitute after World War II had also activities of prof. Koppers and Heide-Geldern which have beaten the track in getting the support of the Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological R2searches in l\"ew- York. Thanks to that fact the Vienna Institute has received a big fond for ethnologic II iii'l'! I �587 586 excursions and scientific travels as well as for its respective publications and library requirements. 2. On base of a new ethnologic material and deaper understanding ·)f the cultural life of primitive folks and in line with the progress of prehi~tory - the division into "cultural circules" 50 years ago, sketched by the Vienna School as working hipothesis has been thoroughly che:ked and subject to big corrections. Nevertheless, the crisis of the historical method of above mentionfd School is out of questi-on, the fact of relati.onship of ,cultures and their contacts continues to be, and is even stiil more, the main basis for comparative historical studies of folks w1".ich have no written sources. It has been proved necessary to improve and enlarge the actual criteria, following the same line as before; then the necessity of paying more interest than up to now for high cultures and folk - cultures remaining ir1 symbiosis with them has been emphasized; especially of great servke in this line can be orientalistics, egyptology, classic antiquity, hindolog:", sinology and other sciel1lces. As to the conceptions of the Vienna School concerning the durability and preservation of· cultural products of primitive folks a very great importance for the future would have a systematic investigation, performed on a wide experimental base of duration and variation phenomena in various types of culture. To explain causality in the life of a given culture a big role is reserved for psychology. A thoroughly elaborated psychology of folks does not exist yet. That is why it would be very useful for the purpose of such a study to collect autobiographies of members of various tribes, to make an adequate analysis of proverbs of those folks, to gather notices about their ideas of soul, about their dreams and data about their magics. Ale these observations do not affect the proper framework of the method whatsoever. Neither did we undermine the conception, that the folks belonging to so called "pr;~~-it-ure"6r as they are known today people of "old" or "basic culture" kept this culture together with religion really, ceteris paribus, in the best way. The genuine crisis concerns the cultural circles, the so called "principal culture" of totemism, matriarchal and shepherd cultures. In the historical development of mankind they form, especially if we speak of the culture of common land cultivators and herdsmen, a wide medium phase. W. Schmidt spoke of "culture circles" but the fact is as it has been stated nowadays that we have to do only with big tendencies of cultural aspects when together with a respective economic form some inclinations of social and religions ideology begin to appear. Those "medium cultures" takcn by themselves are often very different even in the range of the same type of economy. 3. Some recent results of ethnologic investigations concerning: a) TotC'mism. A most general summary of the totemism problem shows that it is neigher a religious form nor a transitory stage in the historical development of the human culture. At the same time it is not a specific feature of some cultural phase or of an exclusive cultural complex. b) Cattle breeding and agriculture. We may first of all generally s'1Y that cattle breeding was a result of a gradually developing skill to cultivate the soil first on the territory of anterior Asia during the VI~h millenium. The breeding of animals probably started with the domestication of the sheep, [oat, pig and ox. Between 1':00 and EOO TI. C. began the nomad culture of the horse in Central Europe and in the Transcaucasian area. The most recent form of cattle breeding is considered to be nowadays the breeding of reindeer, contrary to what has been thought previously. Both the Siberian shepherds of reindeer and the horse nomads have kept the ancient features of religion and mythology what was well presented by W. Schmidt in his work. e) Matriarchy. It is difficult to speak today about some exclusive matriarchal culture phase and the old theory patriarchal and matriarchal opo5ed societes can nlOt be mai:1tained, the matter is much more compli- cated. Maria Trauiitska-Kwaśniewska RESEARCHES ON THE QUESTION OF A COLLECTIVE THREE-FIELD SYSTEM OF AGRICULTURE IN THE VILLAGE HRUSKIE, DISTRICT OF AUGUSTOW IN THE XIXth and XXtl1 CENTURIES The present work deals with the problem what role did play and doe5 still sporadically play the agriculb..:ral system in the total amount of social and econcmic relations in the country. A village in Ncrth-Eastern Poland has teen chosen as example and on base of investigations which have been carried out on its territor~' (mainly by means of interviewing the oldest people in the village) th'3 economic system existing there at the end of the XIXth and the beginning of the XXth century has been reconstructed; it proved to form a tree field system of agriculture without fallow, continuously applied by 211 the inhabitants of the village. The village Hruskie is situated among the woods of the former Augustów virgin forest; its total area amounts to 500 ha, out of which 60 are arable. It had been founded not earlier than in the 17th centuryand had �589 588 been a fief sE'ttlement of the king. It is actually inhabited by 25 familips. Up to the time the Augustów channel was built, the main source of living for the population has heen agriculture and new the majority is working in the forest as "drivers". Out of various sorts of the ground only house ground, garden ground and a part of marshes were not cultivated collectively. Because of the woods framing the village it was impossible to enlarge the area of arable ground. After the description of all sorts of ground the author has passed in review the means of dividing the fields along the fences, names, measures, network of roads. All these matters were strictly connected with the spatial system linked to this form of economics. Some of them regulated the good function of the whole system (the names helped in the orientation, the fencing of the fields and of the total area secured the safety of the common crops), other things preserved the rights of the particular members to make use of common utility equipment and the rights to an even division of material weatlh. The compulsion of field cultivation (Flurzwang) does still exist in the village. As the space under crop is small, the class of the ground comparatively high and the amount of pasture- ground fairly big, which gives the chance of cattle breading with a subsequent possibility of a rich manuring - field cultivation with no need of fallow is practiced in the village from time immemorial. The main cereals cultivated were rye and barley, actually supplanted by oats. We at has been sown since 1933, and before the beginning of World War II, it has, together with oats, almost totally replaced barley. Potatoes were planted tiU 1870 exclusively in kitchen-gardens; they now rank the second place after rye. Vegetables and tobacco are planted in gardens. The compulsion of cultivation comprises in the village: a) almost all field works performed at the same time with all other members of the community, b) the growing on one's field section at kind of plants as others do, c) a collective pasturage of cattle on pasture-fields, and stubble-fields. Exception form this system are only made in case when in a potato-field the middle is left to sam plants requesting a late harvest (so called klatka checkered field). The ground system has a certain meaning for the mechanical cultivation and the technique of ploughing (to one side only). The wooden plough called "socha dwupolicowa" existed till 1920. A sickle is used till now in places where mowing with a scythe is impossible the stripes being to narrow. Working with modern machines is out of question by this ground configuration (e. g. the seeding machine, which cannot manoeuver on the narrow stripe). Sheep and pig breeding prevailed before World War I; they pastured in the forest and on the marshes. At the present time almost every farmer has a hors2 (or two if he workes in the forest) and two cows per avarag~. The organization cf pasturing did not change for years; it is performed by turns i. e. one person from each house is bond to pasture one day fJr one piece of horned cattle and one day for the sheep. Side by side with the income from agriculture, means for living come from picking berries and gathering mushrooms as well as from various wood work (cooperage, shingle making, weaving of bast shoes etc.) and apiculture. The spatial configuration of the village and the economic system put a stamp on the community life and on the amusements of the inhabitants. In conclusion the author has passed in review the problem of economi~s in the Hruskie village from the point of view of subjective elements responsive for the existing situation. A low level of agricultural knowledg(" fear of bribery from the side of more knacky farmers were the factol:s inhibiting the liquidation of strip farming in the period between the two World Wars. At the present time the main impulse for such liquidation is the tendency towards economic independence and individual planning in the domain Bolesław of agriculture and cattle breeding. Garyga AGRICULTURAL LITERATURE OF THE XVIII and XIX CENTURIES AS SOURCE FOR THE INVESTIGATION OF TOOLS USED FOR THE CUL:rrV ATION OF SOIL In the present article we find an interpretation of the descriptions and drawings given in the following publications: 1) Sincerus: Uwagi Tygodniowe Warszawskie, 1769 (Warsaw weekly notes), 2) Krzysztof Kluk: O rolnictwie, 1779 ,acout agriculture) and 3) Dziennik Ekonomiczny Zamojski 1804 (The Zamość Economic Journal). The author's aim is to solve the problem whether the descriptions and drawings of the plough, ard and "socha" given in above mentioned three works have been taken from nature or borrowed from other sources and whether they represent tools used in this country. On base 01 results obtained from the analysis of the matter the author comes to following conclusions: 1) The drawings of the ard and plough in the "uwagi Tygodniowe Warszawskie" (fig. 1, 2) are not taken from nature but from a differe:1t source, the drawing of the plough being a modification of the ard drawing. On the other hand, the description gives dialectal names of plough parts, which still appear in the vicinity of Lublin (see the enclosed map). The dialectal names are proof that the plough parts marked by t.hose names were known in the second half of the XVlIIth century in that area, though the given drawing is not a picture of above plough. �591 590 2~ The drawings of the ard and plough in the work of K. Kluk (fig. 3, 4) are taken from a different source, probably from the same one, the author of the "Uwagi Tygodniowe Warszawskie" has made use of. A certain similarity of drawings and of the descriptions scheme points to that. Yet, K. Kluk uses in his descriptions other words than Sincerus (not dialected words) which proves that he did not make use oi the work oi the latter. As to the drawing of the socha in K. Kluk's work it has been taken from nature and is the oldest known picture of this tool on the territory of Poland. In the description of the "socha" K. Kluk used dialectal names. 3) The drawings oi the ard and plough in the "Dziennik Ekonomiczny Zamojski", (fig. 7 and 8) were taken from Johann Mehler's work "Del' Ackerbau des Konigreichs Bahmen" (1794) and represented tools used in the land of Czechs (fig. 9 and 10); as to the socha (fig. 6) it has been copied from K. Kluk's work. Furthermore, all the drawings ,in the "Dziennik Ekonomiczny Zamojski" are turned round like in a mirror. To explain these drawings the descriptions oi tools given in K. Kluk's work have been partly used, and the rememing descriptions have been translated from the German text of J. Mehler's work. Kr:;;;ysztof Kwaśnie·wski CULTIVATION OF BRU (SETARIA DURING ITALICA) THE XXth IN MINOR POLAND CENTURY On base of terr<itorial investigations during 1954-1956 the existance of traditions and relics of bru cultivation has been stated in scores of Minor Poland villages (see enclosed map and index of investgated villages). Except those places the cultivation of bru in Poland is unknown, and the name "bel''' one can meet only in songs on the territory of Lublin and Kurp,ie provinces. The .author has made a c·omparative schedule out of European archaelogic data cpncerning the cultivation of bru and out of resf·ective references in Polish herbariums and agricultural handbOOKS since the XVht century. It results that the cultivation of bru was known mainly in ::::outhern Poland and partly in Eastern Poland, thus on the expansion way of this plant from the center in China to Switzerland where the appearance of bru has been confirmed by archaeological data. The description of cultivation and treatment of bru as well as registered opinions d reasants on the matter of this millet prove that the keeping of such plantations reąueste:i a lot of work with the use of primitive hand tools. The barley made of bru for feeding purposes was considered to be less nutritious and tasting less good. Only the great fertility ef this cora was the reason of its cultivation .in the split andovercrowded peasant farms in D/linor Poland. The trend of the surplus of the country population to the towns, the appearance of new agricultural tools for harve,sting and treatment of crops as well as the fiasco of autarchy tendencies which existed even in small peasant farms was the reason of a definite decline of bru cultivation. Tadeusz Seweryn HUNTING LURE METHODS The material collected for this work comes from Poland and neighbouring countries. It has been divided into following parts: luring with tlJ.e mouth, live and artificial decoys, luring tube, pipe, bag-pipes, cockleshell and feather instruments. All sorts of scarecrows acting upon the senses of sight, hearing and smell have been described separately. One of the most ancient means of luring is to make use of the mouth without the help of any instruments. The Guzul and Volhynian hunters knew how to imitate the wolf, calling the wolf-cubs to reply joyfully from their den. TlJ.e Byelorussians can imitate the deap basso of the deer and the Huculs, the voice of the doe, of the chamois and the he-goat, the cackle of wild hens or the song of the hazel-grouse. The Slovaks are masters in imitating the mating-calls of the wood-grouse. Other hunters are ab'e to stop a running hare making a loud smaking sound with their mouth or to imitate the voices of the virgin forest: the whistling of the thrush, the scream of the owl etc. An old hunting trick is to make use of animals for luring purposes. A sheep or sucking-pig calls the v'.'olf to the treacherous pit-fall and to the shooting stand, a partridge hidden i'n a dark basked calls other hen, a crow attached to a p-erch catches with its claws another crow which came to rescue the prisoner (fig. 1); ducks and domesticated cranes are luring into the net birds of the same f€ather. To a pole talled spar are being attached bullfinches, goldfinches and ducks which were kept in aarkness the whole winter, whereas a hidden hunter pulled the string, thus making tne birds flutter and peep, calling other birds. Siberian ducks, called krakuchy are best for this purpose. Eagle-owls on a pole lurre all sorts of birds withi:l gunshot (fog. 2) artificial heath-cocks made of black felt (fig. 3) and ducks have teen also used. Decoy-instruments have different names. They are made of wood, ivory, le8.ther, . horn, feather, nut-shell, leaves, metal etc. A tube made of pine " �593 592 Hood, of birch rind with melted resin inside, or tube as shown in (fig. 9) serve to lure deer and elks. A pipe made of gODs bone or hare bono<:is used to lure haze-grous3s and heath-cocks. To play this instrument one has to move the finger on the oblique cut on the other side of the pipe. With similar decoy -instruments made of a marten leg bone do the Guzuls imitate the sereem of the hare, thus luring the fox. This beast of pray is also called by a kind of whistle which imitates the squeak of a mouseor by means of a decoy-tool made of an ox-horn (fig. 6). With that instrument hunters imitate in March the erotic sounds uttered by a hare or the bleating of the kid calling the mother goat. A bone pipe connected with a pleated leather-bag is used to lure quails (fog. 7). When pulling with two fingers a string a·croslS a membrane fastened on the ring of a horn small flocks of partridges are lured. A tin platelet, double-folded and perforated in its upper part is a decoy for hazel-hen (fig. 5). When blowing in a pear-lief or in a piece of birch7bark put between two thumbs, hunters imitate thesqueak of a roe in heat running to escape the roe-buck. With a view to lure o fox or a lynx a forest grass plant called "psiarka" fixed between two scraps of wood is used in the same way as above (fig. 8). The tube to lure elks belongs to the same class of decoy-instrument~. Fire is a powerful means to scare away wild beasts. Bird feathers or scraps of linen hung on a string upo;n the earth frighten animah with a weak sight such as roes, deer, faxes, wolves and wild boars. This means of keeping off the game in the forest was already known in ancient times. Wolves which are not hungry can be frightened by the sound of iron, that is why peasants driving through a forest in a sledge tie an iron chain which is being dragged upon the earth. In old times, when chasing with falcons, birds were raised up to a flight with a roll of a drum. Polecats were driven away by the odour of rue, martens by the sent of tobacco juice diluted in oil and moles were kept away by means of kerosene, camrhor or the odour of putrid fish or rotten cabbage. Maria Frycz TALE OF THE ANIMALS IN A HUT The tale of the animals in a hut belongs to the most popular fairy-stories in the world. In the international systematic cataloque of tales by Aarne-Thompson it appears in the part where stories about wild beasts . , and domestic animals are collected and is entereJ under number 130. Antti Aarne consacrated to the analysis of this motive an interesting work ~ntitled "wandering animals". In this work he passes in review Asiatic versions and a series of European specimens of tales. Of course the Finnish stories form the majority, with 202 items, making almost 2('.': of all the European tales out of which there are 12 Polish ones. Aarne gives an analysis and comparison of the Asiatic and European tales. He things that the reason of their spread is their interesting and vivid topic. The secial reasons of the popularity of fairy-tales does not interest Aarne. The author of the present work deals with the Polish versions cf above mentioned tale and aims to interpret its wide propagation against a background of social conditions of the people's life. The interna1ional subject-matter of the tale is often subdued to specific and characteristk changes of its form depending on the region where the given version comes from. The analysis of 57 Polish versions (38 published and 19 collected by means of folk-lore form) di~closed a certain relationship with Slav and West-European versions and although all regions are not uniformly represented (tales from Great Poland and Kujawy provinces are missing and there are but few stories from the Mazowsze province) one can state some interesting difference in the text and form of those tales in line with the different ethnic and social character of a given part of Poland . The analysis of the story themes was based upon the scheme given by J. Krzyżanowski (Polish folk tale in a systematic review, page 63). Animals badly treated by their masters decide to wander out in the world; the ide", comes usually from the cock or horse; other animals, and sometimes a man, join the company on the way. The animals intend to spend the night in an empty hut beloging to the devil or to ruffians, or some wolf; such hut might be haunted by ghosts. When the proprietor comes back the animals attack him and kick him out of the hut. They remain then there or leave taking away hidden treasures found in the house. There are all sorts of interesting deviations of the general scheme e.g. the man who joines them is an old soldier turned out by the queen or [, poor fellow looking for a better life. The set of the animals mayalso change, viz. the Mediterranean donkey is supplanted by the 'horse, the ox by the ram, other animals appear, e.g. the gander, the duck or the crayfish - typical for the fairy-tale of the Małopolska province. A far relationship with the Asiatic tale is marked by above crayfish which took the place of the scorpion. We meet sometime3 with a fish, hedgehoi, and egil and with things like bricks, whetstones and needles. The analized tales can de divided into 3 groups: a North-Eastern tal", from the Poli~h borderland where the animals build the hut by themselves; 38 .,Lud" t. LXV �594 this type of tales is similar to the Byelorussian or Baltic ones. Among the genuine Polish versions, the group of Pomeranian and Silesian tales, thus the Western group, as well as the Southern group of the Małopolska province, should be pointed at because of their peculiarities. In the Pomeranien and Silesian variation we meet with the following motives: the animals are mostly the cock, the cat, tlie dog and the donkey; they after want to be musicians; we always have the ruffians hut. The literary value of the tales is rather mediocre, their dialoges are schematic and monotonous. The tales from the province of Małopolska are more inspired and fanciful. Instead of the donkey we meet with known domestic animals, such as the horse, ox and ram, the crayfish appean often, the number of wandering animals is greater. The devil's or tb." haunted hut, the forester's or the farmer's house supplant the ruffians hut. These tales ha;:e many versions and do differ from the stereotype motive. They have quite a lot of picturesque descriptions of which even a good writer would not be ashamed. We can also often find in these tales interesting descriptions of everyday life in the country. A comparison of Asiatic elements with various animals reprei'ientcd in our tales leads to the conclusion that the donkey, gander and the ram are animals which were introduced later. The most ancient motives are probably the cock and the crayfish (scorpion). The horse came later and next were the cat, dog and drake and finally the ox. The choice of these animals is connected with the conception of the Asiatic tale and at the same time is strongly linked with our tale from the province of Małopolska where the Asiatic elements have been duly modified. The enormous popularity of a tale probably doesn't ensue only because of its thrilling subject-matter, as Aarne claims, but is a reflection of discontent of the people dissatisfied with the life conditions and expresses consciously or unconsciously the will to run away from the sad reality. I Hn IIe'Kan08C'KU 3THM~ECKAH CTPYKTYPA A¢PMKM M HOBEfiIIIME HAC~OEHMH KOHTI1HeHT A¢pI1KI1 COCTaBJIReT rrepl1¢epl1lO, 3aJll1BaeMYlO Ml1rpaI..\110HHbIMI1 BOJIHaMI1113 EBpa31111. BJIarOp;apR CBOI1Mreorpa¢l1'-IeCKI1M oc06eHHoCTRM 3TOT MaTepl1K rrpep;CTaBJIReT TaK)Ke 30Hy, B KOTopOM COXpaHI1JII1Cb He oc06eHHo 113MeHeHHble peJII1KTbI O'"leHb pa3Hopop;HbIX COCTaBHbIX '"lacTeM a¢pHKaHCKoro HaCeJIeHI1R, HaHeceHHble 3Tl1Ml1 BOJIHaMH. BBHllY 3Toro, reHeTI1'"leCKHMCl1HTe3 rrecTpoM 3THI1'"leCKoMKapTHHbl cero;:\HRWHero a¢pI'lKaHCKoro MaTepl'lKa p;OJI)KeH OCHoBbIBaTbCR Ha CBep;eHl'lJIX, KacalOIl\l'lXCJI I10CJIe,llOBaTeJIbHbIX Ml'lrpaI..\l'lOHHbIX HaCJIoeHI1M. 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MaCKa lIo'lfl 3TJ1MH "'THHbJ li KaK 61,1.'111B rro 06eJ1M BepxywKaMVI, Ii rrOJIflHKa 6bIC1'p0 TepHIOT a 1947 rOllY, cTopoHaM Ha 6bI.nH caoe SO BpeMH TpOilJ1HKH I-II1X 6bWIl HaHI1- xaTKa BOT Orrl1CaHHe Ha3BaJl CTopoHaM aBTopa TporrlilloK BaCKO ,1\:3faMa. KOCTlOM KOTopaH pbJ~apb B B OllHOM TOJlnoi1 Ha MaCKe, KOTOPblt'1 opKeCTpa 3BYKI1 Hble ,l\BI1]f{eHI1H 11 KPYT~lTCH BaeT,I\bJXaHl1e H rrone'{I1TeJIH. OH 3Tl1M BblKpHKHBaeT 110 OlI rrO.JJaraeT, COCTOMT UleJlb nJleMeHI1 TaK 6eJloro 6bJBalOT a TaKl1M H rJla3, I1i'\TI1 a TOJlna CMblCJla "HrOMa" 0I.l.\ynblO. CTpeMMTeJIb- Hero B nepeXBaTI1- 06'bHTl1H He . Bce- CBoero rrO,llHOCJ1T BblCOKO MaBI1R '{TO Ka)l{,lIble OCTOpOMHO, aBTopy 06pa30M B OTKpbIBaeT Ha'{I1HaeT H3HeMO)l{eHHbIM yrroMRTaK TaH~bl WeCTBl1e B Kpyry pbl- 1'pl1KO, ~BeTHbIX U1apOBap 6hICTPOTOM, '-ITO y TaHe~, BblcTyna- B OTCTalOI.l.\eI1MacKe. pbI~apb na,l\aeT MaBHR KOTOPblM KaK OTBepCTI1M ,l\JJH 113 ,lIepeBeH1, 3aKJlHTI1H. '{TO M3 rrpMHy]f{,lIeH OKaH,{HBaeTCH KaKHe-TO rrOHBJlHIOTCR HBJlHlOll..lI1MCH KapHKaTYPOM I1MeeT C TaKot! ECIcope 06pR,I\OB MeCTO TaH~eB, 6apa6aHHoro TIo,ll cpa3Y rOCTH. COJlOMbl, Wl1pOKl1X He KpaM- TJJa3 CTOpOMJ1T ero. Cepe,llI1HY, :JnOXH B03pO]f{i'\eHHH", ,lIOoTJ]f{eH CMOTpeTb BHI13 '{epe3 rrpVlxO,llHT B rpOTeCK, rro.1 paCCTOHHl1e BblHOCHT no He3BaHHorO nJIeTeHOrl J1 BOCKpeCeHl1e noCepei'\I1He MaCOK. 31'0 pJ1TyaJIbHbJi1 Tallel..l, KOCTIOM - M3 :JTO 6a06a6 J13 TpaBbI. Tpa,l\l1~110HHbIX Pbl~apH B KOJlb'{yrl1 Tall~opbI nYTemeCTBI1H no HeBHi'\HMbIM BopBeTCH O,llHOrO ~I3 "TaHlleM rpeMeH 6pbJMMeM, VI "MnOJlO" ,l\epeBHe BblUleOrrl1CaHHbIX HYTOM MaCKI1 "MI1,l1I1MO", rlla Bcex npJ1weJIe~ JOI.l.\J1MTaHl..lOp OlleT cy660Ty BTOpOro l13ropOllb C HJ13KOM KpblweM rrJIeMeHJ1 J1 oKpy)KalOT C yn01'pe6JIeHJ1eM uapH BO BpeMH ]f{I1BaH K 6JlH]f{ai1wei1 'IYMOM CTapeMllll1HbJ aBTOp r, a nOJl MJ1J1J1,TO BCeTaKJ1 KaKoi1-To TOJlbKO A nTHą oc06eHHOCTblO OT "MrrOJIO" Hei1 Mepe 1953 B 3ar Jloxmei1. 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UlKYPOH ]f{HBOTOM OH rro,l\pa]f{aeT HbIMJ1' Ha rrJleMeHI1 OXOTbl TOJIrrHlIlHMI1CH Ml1J1011 MY)K'I~lHa, fiOJIblllOM 3Toro rrpellCTaSJleHI1R. ,1\bIM Bl'lllHO 3BepH Kor,la BpelR Pa311aeTCH orJlyJlIO,/\ei1 H pOKO- pa3'bHpeHHOe oTnyrl1BalOT .1Jeonap,I\ orrHTb npellCTaBJleHHR ]f{J1BOT- KpHKaMJ1, a paHenOHB"'1HeTCH ero IlrpaeT opKecTp, , ł! �603 602 COCTOHI.l.\I1i1 VI3 6apa6aHOB peBa pa3HOrO pa3:\lepa. HeKOTopble Ha nO,1lCT<1BKaXB BH,n;e "Ie.'lOBe'·JeCKoi1 rOJlOBbl, KORTC)'; - Tl1nl1"1HblM MOTYlEBCRKoro po,n;a pe3!>6bl liOpOB, npI1HI1~!alOll1I1X y"laCTYIe rrpJ1Kpen,'leHbl lVIaBJ1R KypRT 6y6eHUbl Ta6aK. nOXOJKl1e Ha ynoMHHeM TaHl1ax M<1JleHbKl1e JKejTe3Hble HMelOTCll JKeJJe3Hble Tpy6Kll, B y rrJleMel-lVI lVIam!R. 11 rrpe,1lCTaBJleHI1HX, Y n.TIe1eHI1, K rr.'leMeHll yrro1'pe6JIRlOT Ka.IlbHH. 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C,!1eJlaHHYIO ~JlH rrpI1MaHKl1 pHO'-lI1KOB11Te- 3TOM I1HCTpyMeHTe, rrepeCOBblBaH ,!1y,!10'-lKI1 Ha KYPl1qbI BaH Ha )KMBOTHbIX O >KI1BOTHbIXB 1130ylllKe JJI1CTbeB, MeTaJJJJa M T. ,!1. .n:JJR r:pI1MaHKl1 OJJeHeH 11 JJOCeH rrOJJb3YIOTCHTpyHOMCMOJlOHl1JJI1 me O OHM ObJBalOT 57 nOJlbCKHX BapHaHTOB (38 orry6JIl1KOBaHHblx rryTeM <pOJJbKJlOpI1CTI1QeCKOI1 aHKeTbl) Toporo pO,!1CTBa CO CJlaBHHCKl1M>111 3arra,!1HOeBporreti:cKI1MH BepCHH.MI1 l1 XO- TH He Bce pal10Hbl 3,!1eCb npei1CTaB.lJeHbI OP;HOpOP;HbIM06pa30M Bep;eHhl CKa3KH 113 BeJII1KOI1 IIo.lJbllIl1 30K >13 Ma30BHl1), l1HTepeCHYIO pa3- CKa30K, KOTopaH H.BJIHeTCHpe3YJIbTaTOM HI1'JeCKHX 11 3KOHOMI1'IeCKl1:Xoco6eHHOCTeH OCHOBaHl1eM aHaJI>13a (Hllp. He IlpJ1- H KYHBI1I1 l1 110'-lTH COBceM HeT CKa- TO O,llHaKO MO}l{HOOTMeTl1Tb HeKoTopyJO Hl1I.:\y B C0,!1epmaHl111 l1 <popMe H. 11 19 1l0JIy'łeHHhIX rr03BOJJHeT ,!10CMOTpeTbCHB Hl1X HeKO- CO,!1ep}KaHl1il CKa30K Kp}KI1}1{aHOBCKl1M (IIoJIbcKaH. 3T- ,!13HH0I1 '-laCTI1 IIOJlhllIl1. HapO,!\HaH HBJlHeTCH cxeMa, CKa3Ka B rrO,!1aHHaH Cl1CTeMaTl1QeCKOM npe,!1eTaBJleHl1H, CTp.: 63): 0611}1{aeMble X03FIeBaMl1 :lKl1BOTHble OTnpaBJlHIOTCR B CTpaHCTBHe; 3a'-lI1HI..I.\l1KOM H.BJlHeTCH.06bIKHOBeHHO neTyx, >1HOrAa J1011Ia,llb l1JJl1 ,!1pyrr1e 1KI1BOTHble. ITo ,!10pore K Hl1M npl1COe,!1>1łHlI<JTCR APyrlle HbIe, a l1HOrAa l1 geJIOSeK. )Kl1BOTHble TOM pa36oi1HH'-lbeti:, ,!1bHBOJlbCKOH,BOJl9beti: HMI1 ':'36e, rrOHBJlFIeTCi1 X03Rl1H, TO ero )KI1BOTHble a Korp;a JiUIBOT- OCTaHaBJlI1BaJOTCFIHOQeB3Tb B nyc11J1l1 HaBOJK)J,aeMOx npl1BHAeHI1- 1Ke OCTaIOTCH.JIU1Tb B 3aBoeBaHlWH C nOTaCOBKOX BblI'OHHIOT. J136e 11!1I1 3a5Hpa:<JT Ha H- ,!1eHHbli1 TaM KJla,ll. OT 39 • 3TOH cxeMbl BCTpe'-laIOTCH pa3Hble I1HTepeCHble OTCTYI1!TeHJ1fl,HTTP. �612 '-JeJIOBeK, npncOe,!1J1HJ1BIIH1MCII K 3BeplIM 6bIBaeT MHOr,!1a CTapblM COJI,!1aTOM, BblrHaHHbIM KOpOJIeBOii, I1JII1 :IKe 6e,!1HIIKOM, Mll.(yl.l.\J1M JIY'-JilH1X yCJIOBI1M cyll.(eCTBOBaHI1H. HOMopCKoro rycb; yTKa Ha J13MeHHeTCII TaK}Ke COCTaB :lKI1BOTHbIX, BMeCTO Cpe,!1113eM- OCJIa BblCTynaeT KOHb, BMeCTO BOJIa 6apaH, nOIIBJIHeTCH I1JIM paK Tl1nl1CJHblM ,!1JIH CKa3KM M3 MaJIoH IIoJIbwJ1 VI T. ,!1. ,!1aJIbHee MeHow paKa pO,!1CTBO C a3J1aTCKOM CKopnMoHoM - H npe,!1MeTbl BpO,!1e KJ1pnMCJa, OCeJIKa Cpe,!1M nO,!1BeprHyTblx CKa30K, ceBepO-BOCTOCJHylO BOTHble caMM B rpynna, e}K, C 3aINDEKS HMl.\O, XLII, CKa30K IIOJIbllJJ1, B KOTOpOM )KI1- nOXO}Ka Ha 11 rpynna BbI,!1eJIlIeTCH' CKa30K 113 MajIOM Aba, nOMOpCKJoIX Yl CI1JIe3CKI1X IIocTOHHHO BapblIHTax BbIcTynaIQT npeJ1MyuIecTBeHHo Jol OceJI. O'-JeHb '-IaCTO 3TI1 3BepM XOTIIT 6blTb BbIcTynaeT TO'-lKJ1 3peHI1H MOTJ1B pa36oMHI1<lbeM 3TJ1 CKa3KJ1 CKopee CJIa6bl; 113 MaJIoM CTO OCJIa, BbIcTynalOT paH. "-lacTo BaeTcH, I1JII1 }Ke ,!10M jleCHI1Ka xaTy. xaTKv!. C JIl1- ,!1J1aJIor B HMX llIa6- Pa3MbIIIlJIHH HaweM KOTopble aBTOp. cKa3KI1 }KJ1BOTHbIe: KpeCTbHHI1Ha Analiza "-lacTo Bcero KOHb, BOJI 11 6a- Ha 3a,!1HMI1 nJIaH BapHaHToB, yKJIOHIIIO- OnMCaHI1M, KOTOpbIX He nocTbI- nOna,!1alOTcH I1HTepecHble n0,!1p06HOCTI1 }K113HI1. O CXO,!1CTBe C a3I1aTCKJ1MI1 3JIeMeHTaMJ1 pa3HblX }KJ1BOTHbIX 11 6apaH 3TO 3BepJ1, n03}Ke, J1 paK KOHeLl Bon. IIo,Z!6op CTapeMIIlJ1MJ1 (CKOpnI10H), 3aTeM 3TJ1X 3Bepei1 }Ke }KI1BOTHblMJ1 HBJIHeTCH KOHb, a nOTOM nec nO,!\TBep:IK,!1aeTCH M CeJIe3eHb a3J1aTCKJ1M MOTI1BOM CKa3KM; OH B CI1JIbHOt'1 CBH3J1 C HallleM cKa3Koi1 B KOTOPOM a3MaTCKMe caMOCT05ITe.nbHbIM "-lpe3BblCJaJitHa5I IW 3.neMeHTbl nonyJ'IHpHOCTb c.ne,!1CTBl1eM HHTepeCIIOro OTpa:IKeHHeM He"'OBo.nbCTBa M Bblpa)KeHl1eM OT neCJaJIbHOM 326 XLV. }KeJIaHYlH, npMo6pe.nM M3 Ma.noM HapO,!1a OCHOBHbTM IIo.nblllM, XapałCTep. AapHe, CKO.nbKO CYl.l.\eCTBYlOll.(l1MI1 YC.nOBI1H:\111 )!U13HI1 C03HaTe.nbHoro ,!1eJitcTBYlTeJIbHOCTJ1. BepoH Ha- CKa3KJ1 HB"'IHeTCll, nOBI1",I1MO:\ly, He CTO.nb- C0,!1ep:IKaHI111, KaK yTBep)K,!1aeT Y1JIYI "LUDU'" HeC03HaTeJIbHOrO, XLIV. XLII. zdjęcie Szwajcarii, Aproksymacja XLII. 48 XLII. opisów Kolberga, XLII. 198, 675 256-262, 264-293 - Kolberga, - niemiecka, - Nowej 250-262. 241 241 XLII. 446-453 XLIII. 245 Gwinei, ilościowa, treści bajek, Antropologiczne XLIV. Archiwum XLV. składniki, XLIV. 311 XLIV. nad Amurem, XLII. 628 17 268 - wątków, XLII. 440 Animalizm, XLV. 113 Animizm, XLV. 104 Ankieta, XLII. 203, 206, 353 - folklorystyczna, XLV. 267, 268 - w sprawie bru, XLV. 203 Antagonizm grupowy, XLV. 398 - klasowy, XLII. 65, 111 Antropologia, XLII. 465-52I - Attapów, XLII. 609 - 614 465, 469 XLII. XLII. XLIII. Architektura - 17, XLIV. XLIII. a historia, XLII. 17 XLIV. z mleka, Polski, Archeologia, 22 21 Kolberga, Polski, Wankego, wódka Archaizm ludowej, 31 17 Araka, kultury pracy - zdjęcie XLIV. 32 84 etnograficzna, gadki, BMe- MbI npI1X0,!1I1M K BbIBO,!1y, '-ITO OceJI, rycb BBe,!1eHbI XLV. śląskiej, 101. XLV. XLIV. Afryki, C npJ1BM,!1eHMHMI1, BblTecHHIoT 60JIbllle TaK}Ke 06pa3HbIX ,!1epeBeHCKOI1 HTHO neTyx z wełny, Akulturacja, }KJ1BOTHbIX YBeJII1'-1I1- KOTOpOM ,!1bHBOJI, YlJIM 1136a 3TI1X CKa3Kax MHoro XOPOIllMM 113 nOBCe,!1HeBHoi1 B,!10XHOBeHJoIll H cPaHTa3J1J1. '-II1CJIO cTpaHcTBylOll.(J1X 11 lliaJIaW B Il.\Y1XCHOT llIa6JIOHa, ,!1I1JICH 6bI paK; BJIa,!1eJIbLleM pa36oMHYlCJblO 50JIbWe CJIC,!1YIOIl.(J1e ,!10MaWHl1e BCTpeCJaeTCH 1136a, IIOJIbllJl1 TOMU Antropologiczne ludności Amulety, JIOHHbIM 11 o,!1Hoo6pa3HbIM. B CKa3Kax i XLV 397 }KI1BOTHbIe: neTy X, KOT, co6aKa MY3bIKaHTaMJ1. płaszcz Adaptacja T. e. IO:lKHaH. TepaTYPHOM RZECZOWY XLIV A 6eJIOpyccKylO CJI1CTOnOJIbCKJoIX BepCI1M, 3ana,!1HaH XLIII, 3 rpynnbI: MO}KHO pa3JIYlCJl1Tb MecTHOCTel1 T. e. HapH,!1y pbl6a, Yl YlrJIbI. rpynna (JII1BOHCKYIO). Cpe,!1J1 nOMopCKO-CJ1JIe3CKaH IIoJIbWJ1, na yKa3blBalOT, HeCKOJIbKO pa3: aHaJIJ13Y M3 nOrpaHI1CJHblX CTpOHT 1136y; 11 6aJITJ1MCKYIO cKa3Kow BCTpe'laeMbIe fonograficzne, Assa foetida, Atlas Azji czarcie XLIII. łajno, Środkowej, XLV. XLIV. 125 262 238- 250 Azji XLIV. Środkowej dialektologiczny, 169 duński, XLIV. 250 dynamiczny, XLIV. etnograficzny, XLIV. etno-demograficzny cuskiej, XLIV. etnograficzny 25, 181, 184 153-204 Afryki fran- 251 niemiecki XLIV. 195 etnograficzny polski, XLIV. 239 OToiiTI1 • Indeks nie obejmuje suplementów XLIII i XLIV tomu, ani Bibliografii. Kursywą zaznaczono nazwy gwarowe i terminy obce. Cyfra rzymska oznacza tom, cyfra arabska - stronę. Litera j. - język, p. - patrz. ;! �615 614 Atlas historyczno-etnograficzny rosyjski, XLII. 894-897 _ historyczno-etnograficzny ruski, XLII. 640 _ historyczno-etnograficzny Syberii, XLIV. 240 _ historyczno·-ludoznawczy czeski, XLIV. 250-253 _. lingwistyczny Francji, XLIV. 252 - lingwistyczno-etnograficzny Gaskoni, XLIV. 251 - lingwistyczno-etnograficzny Lionu, XLIV. 251 - rosyjski, XLIV. 174, 240 - statyczny, XLIV. 181 - Syberii, XLII. 607, 641 _ szwajcarski, XLII. 688, 68,9;XLIV. 183, 251 - uzbecki i kirgiski, XLIV. 245 Works, XLIV. 250 Auł turkmeński, XLII. 148 B Badania Ameryki Południowej, XLIII. 286 - ankietowe, XLIV. 137-152 - antropologiczne, XLIII. 436-441; XLIV. 7 - antropologiczne Afryki, XLV. 22 - antropologiczne w Indiach, XLV. 370 - atlasowe, XLIII. 67 - dialektologiczne, XLV. 431 -- etnograficzne, XLIII. 169-182; XLIV. 158 - etnograficzne radzieckie, XLII. 644-666 - etnograficzne Tadżykistanu, XLII. 208 - folklorystyczne, XLII. 664, 674677 - folklorystyczne ZSRR, XLII. 648, 650 Badania gruzińskie, XLII. 661 --=. kraniologiczne, XLIV. 9 - kultury, XLIV. 158 - kultury Powołża, XLIII. 202 - nad budownictwem, XLV. 386397 - nad budownictwem wsi Wiriatyno Z.S.R.R., XLIV. 205 - nad budownictwem czeskim XLII. 687. XLIII. 231 - nad folklorem muzycznym, XLIII. 464-471 - nad genetyką grup krwi, XLV. 363 - nad klasą robotniczą, XLII. 675 - nad kształtowaniem się narodów socjalistycznych, XLII. 897-899 - nad kulturą górników, XLII. 683 nad kulturą robotników, XLII. 644-666 nad kulturą robotników CSR, XLII. 675 - nad kulturą robotników ZSRR. XLII. 646-666 - nad małżeństwami, XLIV. 137152 - nad muzyką ludową, XLIII. 122156 - nad narzędziami uprawy, XLV. 158-202. - nad odzieżą rosyjską, XLII. 641 - nad Podhalem, XLIV. 500-.512 - nad rodziną, XLII. 608 - nad rodziną w kołchozie, XLIV. 211-212, 228-230 nad rolnictwem i hodowlą, XLII. 913-922 nad wierzeniami, XLIII. 238 nad współczesnością, XLIII. 180 - na Kurpiach, XLII. 264-293 - na Śląsku, XLII. 314 - obrzędów, XLII. 332-412 Badania Oskara Kolberga, XLII. 200-215 - osadnictwa, XLV. 125 _ Polskiego Towarzystwa Ludoznawczego, XLII. 33-48 _ prawa zwyczajo\vego, XLII. 413_ 420 robotników _ _ _ _ _ 660 specyfiki narodu, XLIV. 161 społeczne, XLV. 398, 399 stacjonarne, XLIII. 42 szwedzkie, XLII. 711, 712 środowisk robotniczych, XLIII. uralskich. XLII. 658- Beczki, XLII. 168, Bednarstwo, XLV. Ber, setaria Italica Ber, berek, browe, Betyar, bikar, 169 151 B. XLV. 203-219 proso, XLV. 203 beear. (j.) węg· XLV. 335 Bębenek, XLV, 89 Bębny murzyńskie, XLV. 82, 85 Biblicztina, XLIV. 129 Bibliografia, XLII. 209, 212, 519; XLV. 156-158 _ etnograficzna niemiecka, XLIII. 259 _ etnograficzno-muzyczna, XLIII. 151-156 259 _ etnografii polskiej, XLIV. 541Tadeusza Henzla, XLV. 21 582 terenowe, XLII. 48, 288; XLIII, _ etnograficzna Polski za okres 40; XLIV. 159, 175, 178; XLV. 1945-1954 (osobny suplement do 127, 415 t. XLIII, str. 1-355 wykonała _ terenowe O. Kolberga, XLII. 221, Halina Bittner-Szewczykowa) 251-255, 280, 303, 323, 346 _ do artykułu S. Bąka o K. Nitschu, _ nad trójpolówką, XLV. 125, 126 XLV. 456-458 - w Afryce, XLIII. 210 _ języków aymara i kicua, XLIII. _ warunków bytu, XLIV. 157 282, 283 - wsi czeskiej, XLII. 677 _ plastyki ludowej, XLIII. 346 _ węgierskie, XLII, 693 _ pogranicza słowacko-polskiego, _ współczesności, XLII. 249-263 XLIV. 297-298 Bajarz, XLII. 24 _ prac B. Stelmachowskiej, XLIV. Bajka, XLII. 12, 15, 17, 19, 27, 28 484-488 312 _ sztuki ludowej, XLII. 775 _ azjatycka, XLV. 264 _ wcze~nośredniowieczna, XLIII. - europejska, XLV. 264 313 - fińska, XLV. 263 Bicie masła, XLII. 545 _ małopolska, XLV. 273 Biografia, W. Schmidta, XLV. 358 _ podhalańska, XLV. 275 Bliźnięta w Afryce, XLIV. 314 _ słowiańska, XLV. 263, 264 Bodnie, XLIII. 217 _ zwierzęca, XLV. 263-305 Boginka, XLII. 540 Bajek układ, XLII. 28, 29 Bojewica, bojewisko, XLII. 158, 185, _ praforma, XLV. 285 191 Bałtycka ekspedycja, XLIII. 204 Braha, napój z tłukna, XLII. 615 Baran w bajce, XLV. 281 Brama kamienna, XLII. 607 Bartnictwo afrykańskie, XLV. 355 Bransolety murzyńskie, XLV. 87 Barwniki roślinne, XLII. 636 _ _ �616 Brat męża, XLV, 341 Brąz \V Afryce, XLV, 15 Brony, XLII. 151, 152, 155 - laskowe, witkowe, XLV, 148 Bryja, sa/amat, XLII, 616 Brzuszlak, kamizelka, XLII. 81, 103 Budownictwo, XLII, 54, 115-142, 291, 295 - azjatyckie, XLII, 608 - czeskie, XLII, 271, 272, 683 - fergańskie, XLII. 609 - kurpiowskie, XLII, 284, 288 - kwestionariusz, XLIV suplement 1-56 - ludowe, XLIV. 72 - ludowe Turyngii, XLIV, 388-340 - mazowieckie, XLII, 259, 260 - meklemburskie, XLIII. 240 - rosyjskie, XLIII. 202, 203, 211; XLIV. 230--234 - ryglowe, XLII. 139 - sakralne Nanajów, XLII. 629 - słowackie, XLII. 683 - statków, XLIV. 56 - stodół "na sochę", XLII. 131 - szwajcarskie, XLII. 698, 699 - uralskie, XLII. 660 - w pow. rawskim, XLV. 384 - w "słup", XLII, 139 - wielkopolskie, XLIV. 343-348 - wielkoruskie, XLIV. 205 - wiejskie, XLV. 386-397 - wielokątne, XLIII. 218 - wsi socjalistycznej, XLII. 689,690 - wsi spółdzielczej, XLII. 677 Budulec XLII. 139 Budynki gospodarskie, XLII. 191198 Bułgarski dom, XLV, 343 Burgul, kasza z tłuczonej pszenicy, XLV, 327 Buty, XLII, 80, 81, 103, 106 617 Buty węgierskie, XLII. 101 Bydło, XLV. 23 Byliny, XLIV. 260 Byt robotników, XLII, 648 C skiby, XLV, 137 6-płosek, XLV, 137 Cechy ludowego stylu, XLIII. 346 Cel etnografii, XLII, 46 - badań etnograficznych, XLIII. 181 - popularyzacji etnografii, XLIII. 156, 166 Cep fiński, XLV. 383 - kapicowy, XLIV. 171 -ogniwkowy, XLV,383 Cepów odmiany, XLIV. 172, 173 Ceramika, XLII, 666, 667 - czeska, XLII. 672, 673 - Marajo, XLIII. 287 - słowacka, XLII. 667 Chałupa, XLII. 120, 130, 175, 191 - dwuizbowa, XLV. 385 - kowalska, XLII. 176 - podcieniowa, XLIV, 347; XLII. 120, 136 - w blochy, XLII, 179 - w pruski mur, XLII. 179, 180 - w reglówkę, XLII. 177 - w strychulec, XLII. 176, 177 Chałupnicy, XLII. 73, 154, 181, 188, 190 Chałupy wnętrze, XLII. 184, 185 - wyposażenie, XLII. 164-169 Charakterystyka ludu, XLII, 51, 65, 71, 72 - obszaru, XLIV. 170 - pigmejów, XLV, 45 - sesji Kolbergowskiej, XLII. 460 - Ślązaków, XLII, 330 Chart w Afryce, XLV. 23 Chata, XLII. 119, 130, 134 Caliki, Calizna, Chata dwuizbowa, XLII, 116, 119, 120, 134, 138, 185, 189, 190 - diabelska, w bajce, XLV, 272, 289, 297 - dzikich zwierząt, XLV. 296 - jasieńska, XLV. 384 - jednoizbowa, XLII. 116, 120, 134, 137, 190 - kurna, XLII. 137, 138 - pokucka, XLII. 136 - pusta w bajce, XLV, 273 - wielkopolska, XLII. 117 - wieloizbowa, XLII. 137 - wilcza, XLV. 272 - zbójecka w bajce, XLV, 263, 290 Chatka, XLV. 71, 81 - duchów, XLV. 121 - opuszczona, XLV. 293 - pusta w lesie, XLV. 272 Chaty, podział wnętrza, XLII, 136 - typologia, XLII 121 Chleba dzieje, XLII. 691 - prądnicki, XLII. 547 Chlew, XLII. 132, 193-195 Ch/op, kopica, XLV, 213 - polski, XLII. 9 Chłopa umysłowe zdolności, XLII. 57, 67 Chłopi biedni, XLII. 78, 85-80, 99, 102, 116, 121, 131, 132, 231, 258 Chłopi zamożni, XLII, 76, 77, 95, 99, 101, 116, 121, 127, 130, 190, 123 313, 343 - z XIX wieku, XLII. 103 Chłopskie pisarstwo, XLIII. 325 Chronologia badań O. Kolberga, XLII. 347 - w atlasie rosyjskim, XLIV, 248 - w Polskim Atlasie Etnograficznym XLIV. 181 Chustka, XLII. 290 Chusty, XLII. 83, 98. 105 Ciałopalenie, XLV. 356 ,. Ciasto obrzędowe, XLIII, 277 Cienie, wabie, XLV, 242 Cień, dusza, XLV, 362 Ciesielstwo pomorskie, XLIV. 68, 69 Cieśle, XLII. 260 Cygr, torba ze słomy, XLII. 677 Cywilizacja Mezopotanii, XLV. 24 Czapka, XLII. 91, 93 Czarownica, XLV, 290 Czastuszki, XLIV. 263 Czaszka z Egozwil, XLV, 17 Czegeń, kiszone mleko, XLII, 615 Czeladż, XLII. 75 Czepki, XLII. 83, 95, 98, 105, 108 Człowiek niedrużny, XLV. 153 - rękodajny, XLV. 154 Czółko kurpiowskie, XLII. 290 Czynniki geograficzne, XLII. 472 D Dach, XLII. 140, 141 XLII, 629 walmowy, XLII. 202, 203 Definicja etnografii, XLII. 339, 695; XLIII. 25-30; XLIV. 155 - kręgu kulturowego, XLV. 97 - totemu, XLV, 109 Demonologia polska, XLII. 29 Deputat, XLII. 73, 75 Determinizm geograficzny, XLIII. 233 Diabeł w bajce, XLII. 21 Dialekty Arabów Saudyjskich, XLV. 327 - języka litewskiego, XLIV. 37 -- pigmejskie, XLV. 53-56 - Prus Zachodnich, XLV. 434 - śląskie, XLV, 435 Dobór małżeński, XLIV. 143 Dom murowany, XLII. 180 Dom okrągły z dachem stożkowym, XLV. 365 - slegowy, ! �618 Dom śródziemnomorski, XLV. 325 - dzikich zwierząt w bajce, XLV. 265 - wilczy, XLV. 266 - z koziej sierści, XLV. 326 Domek starej baby, XLV. 287 Dominacja zjawisk, XLIV. 183 Domu rozplanowanie, XLII. 607 Domy męskie, XLIV. 222 - zrębowe, XLIV. 72 Dorobek etnograficzny, XLIII. 19 Drąg, zwój, żuraw u studni, XLII. 197 Drewniaki, XLII. 79, 85, 87 Drogi morskie, XLIII. 225 - rozwoju etnografii, XLV. 254 Druki na płótnie, XLII. 795 Drużyna weselna, XLII. 101 Drzewo żywota, XLV. 121 Drzwi, XLII. 184, 186, 748 Duchy gór, XLII. 614 Dusza, cień, sobowtór, XLII. 623 - w postaci ptaków, XLV. 350 Duszki złośliwe Australii, XLV .. 353 Dwojaki, chałupy, XLII. 180, 181, 189 Dworacy, dworscy ludzie, XLII. 89, 90, 111 Dworki, XLII. 120 Dyfuzje, XLIV. 161 Dykteryjki, XLII. 29 Dymar, XLIII. 214 Dymina, podymne, XLV. 342 Dynamika rozwoju, XLIV. 178 Dynastia Guptów, XLV. 15 Dyskryminacja rasowa, XLV. 320 Dyskusja karpacka, XLV. 472-484 - nad Polskim Atlasem Etnograficznym, XLIV. 204; XLV. 494517 Dziadek leśny, XLII. 544 Dzieci do paszonki, XLII. 71, 75, 82 Dziedziczenie ziemi, XLV. 139 619 Dzieje wsi, XLIII. 323 Dziewki, XLII. 75, 82, 95 Dziobnica, XLIV. 41 E Egzogamia, XLV. 102 Ekonomowie, XLII. 77, 91 Ekspansja arabska, XLV. 15, 17 - chamicka, XLV. 23 - indoeuropejska, XLIII. 303 - indonezyjska, XLV. 26 - państwa wielkopolskiego, XLII. 518 - Słowian, XLII. 515 Ekspedycja bałtycka, XLIII. 302; XLIV. 7, 16-21 - do Afryki centralnej, XLV. 38 - fergańska, XLIII. 207 - na Archipelag Filipiński, XLV. 356 - Neweiskiego, XLIII. 198 - Viking Foundation, XLII. 736 Eksploatacja kolonii, XLV. 30 Ekumena afrykańska, XLV. 13 Element czasu w etnografii, XLIV. 163 - nordyczny, XLIV. 15 Elementargedanken, idee zasadnicze, XLII. 341 Elementy reliktowe, XLII. 277 Emigracja, XLII. 63, 64, 71 Epika ludowa, XLV. 402-406 Epos heroiczny. XLII 634 Etapy rozwoju Polskiego Towarzystwa Ludoznawczego XLIII. 50 Etniczna interpretacja kultur archeologicznych, XLIII. 244 Etnogeneza, XLIV. 7, 156, 158 Etnografia, XLII. 14. 42, 47 amerykańska, XLII. 209 Ameryki Północnej, XLII. 720729 Etnografia czeska, XLII. 666-679, 688; XLIII. 226-232; XLIV. 250253, 267=-274, 281-298 - egzotyczna, XLII. 686 - Indian, XLIII. 283-285 - morganowsko-marksistowska, XLII. 245 - morska, XLIV. 56 - muzyczna, XLIII. 144, 150 - niemiecka, XLIII. 232-241, 2,55260: XLIV. 336-338 - Podhala, XLII. 762-765 - polska, XLII. 32, 47; XLIV. 180 - prawa, XLIV. 130 - proletariatu, XLIV. 237 - radziecka, XLII. 607-666; XLIII. 192-226; XLIV. 205-260; XLV. 315-334 - skandynawska, XLII. 724-727 - słowiańska, XLII. 27 - szwajcarska, XLII. 694-701; XLIV. 237 - Turkmenów, XLV. 332 - w filmie, XLII. 114 - w pierwszej pol. XX wieku XLIV. 488-495 - węgierska, XLII. 689-694.; XLV. 334-340 - współczesna, XLIII. 253 - wybrzeży Bałtyku, XLIV. 56 Etnograficzna Sesja specj. w Moskwie XLIII. 259 Etnograficzna wartość Iliady i Odyssei, XLIV. 331 Etnograficzne Towarzystwa Naukowe, XLV. 460-472 Etnograficzne zbiory, XLIV. 357-371 Etnograficzny Kongres w Berlinie, XLIII. 259 - opis, XLII. 14-16, 147 - park w Zubrzycy, XLIV. 479-480 Etnografii definicja, XLII. 695 Etnografii dzieje, XLII. 693 - historia, XLII. 678 - zakres, XLIV. 156 Etnografowie ormiańscy, XLII. 663 - ukraińscy, XLII. 664 Etnologia, XLIII. 13.; XLV. 366 - japońska, XLV. 95 - nordycka, XLII. 711 - u Homera, XLIV. 331 - współczesna, XLV. 373 Etnologiczna szkoła wiedeńska XLV. 91-124 Etnos, XLII. 47.; XLIV. 157 Ewolucja kultury, XLV. 99 - rozwoju, XLII. 284, 285 Ewolucjonizm, XLIV. 167 - krytyczny, XLIII. 51; XLIV. 167 Eucharystia, jako amulet, XLIV. 95 - dla zmarłych, XLIV. 76 - pod progiem, XLIV. 86 - w czarach, XLIV. 98 - w czarach miłosnych, XLIV. 105 - w lecznictwie, XLIV. 80 - w myślistwie, XLIV. 103 - w rolnictwie, XLIV. 102 - w stajni, XLIV. 86 - w wierzeniach, XLIV. 75-118 - w wróżbiarstwie, XLIV. 109 F Fajka wodna, XLV. 85 Fakty indywidualne, XLIV. 171 - jednorodne, XLIV. 185-187 - kulturowe typowe, XLIV. 170 Farbowanie tkanin, XLII. 636 Fartuchy, XLII. 83, 103, 105 Feudalizm w CSH. XLII. 667, 668 Film etnograficzny, XLV. 337 Flis, XLIII. 324 Fladry, straszydła, XLV. 258 Flurzwang, j. niem. XLV. 145 Folklor, XLII. 10, 115.; XLIII. 292 �620 621 Folklor ałtajski, XLII. 614 _ angiel!ki, XLII. 718 - chrześcijański, XLIV. 75 - czeski, XLII. 670, 671 - doński, XLIII. 194 - litewski, XLII. 431-445 - radziecki, XLII. 647 - rosyjski, XLIV. 255 - słowacki, XLII. 684, 685 - Słowian wschodnich, XLII. 638640 - Suachili, XLII. 607 - śląski, XLII. 319, 324, 328 - węgierski, XLII. 689-694 - Z.S.R.R., XLII. 665 FoLkLore, XLII. 711 Folklorysta, XLII. 9, 13, 26 Folklorystyka, XLII. 9, 13, 14, 16, 22, 718, 720 Folklorystyka czeska, XLII. 674; XLIII. 226-232; XLIV. 267-274 - fińska, XLII. 434 - radziecka, XLII. 647-666; XLIV. 253-266 - rumuńska, XLIV. 266 Folwark, XLII. 77, 117, 180 Fonetyka pigmejska, XLV. 67 Fonograf w etnografii muzycznej, XLII. 766 Forma narzędzi, XLIV. 173 - i treść kultury, XLII. 652 Fornale, XLII. 71, 75 Fryzury afrykańskie, XLV. 15 Funkcja paleniska, XLV. 343 G Gadki, XLII. 21, 24, 28 Galeony, XLIV. 70 Garncarstwo, XLII. 797 Gawęda, XLII. 12 Gazda, XLV. 341 Gąsior w bajce, XLV. 282 Geografia językowa, XLV. 445 Geneza sztuki ludowej, XLIII. 345 - ustroju gruntowego, XLV. 125 Germanizacja, XLII. 109 Gnojenie, XLV. 147 Gorset ukraiński, XLII. 636 Gospodarka bezmleczna Afryki XLIV. 300 - chłopska, XLII. 459 - kopieniaczo-hodowlana, XLV. 24. 355 - trójpolowa, XLV. 133 - wiejska, XLII. 284 - zbieraczo-łowiecka Afryki. XLV_ 355 - zrębowo-wypaleniskowa, XLIII .. 334 Gospodarcze urządzenia, XLII. 169, 170 Go!podarstwa chłopskie, XLIV. 141 - wielkopolskie, XLII. 70 Gospodarze, XLII. 73-76, 95, 185 Grafika Kielisińskiego, XLIII. 331 - ludowa, XLII. 773 Gramatyka Lirów (Melanezja). XLIV. 322 - j. Afryki, XLIV. 307 Grapa, żel. garnek do gotowania dla trzody, XLII. 165, 166 Gonty, XLV. 151 Granica buku, XLV. 379 - etnograficzna, XLIII. 247 - niemiecko-polska, XLIII. 246, 247 - Odra - Nysa, XLIII. 252 - polsko-niemiecka, XLIII. 246 - posko-słowacka, XLIV. 281-296 Grodzenie poletek, XLV. 140 Groty Altamira, XLV. 15 Grupa bantu, XLV. 51 - estońska i liwska, XLIV. 39 - gminy Trynidad, XLV. 360 - irańska, XLIV. 220 - j. oantyjskich, XLV. 54 Grupa j. efe, XLV. 52, 54 _ j. sudańskich, XLV. 54 - semicka, XLIV. 220 _ tiurska, XLIV. 220 Grupy egzogamiczne N. Gwinei, XLV. 351 Gry i zabawy, XLII. 223, 224 Gumno, XLII. 133, 197 Gwara śląska, XLII. 321 ·Gwary polskie, XLV. 438 Hodowla jeleni, XLV. 315 - zwierząt domowych, XLIV. 314316 Homo dHuviaHs, XLII. 706, 707 Huby, XLV. 134 Humor ludu, XLV. 407 Ikonografia, XLII. 522-553.; XLIII. 103.; XLIV. 58 Ilość nawarstwień w Afryce, XLV. 19 H - OplSOW obrzędów rodzinnych, Haczka, kopaczka, XLII. 158 XLII. 365 Haft, XLII. 291 Ilościowe ujmowanie zj awisk kultuHamefka. XLII. 637 rowych, XLIV. 181-183 Handel Indii, XLV. 15 Indeks, XLII. 18, 420 Hasła cyfrowe, XLII. 59;; - LUDU, XLII. 758, 762; XLV. 613- nutowe, XLII. 593 660 Hidżry, kolonie arabskie, XLV. 322 - muzeów w Polsce, XLIV. 388Hipoteza I. Kopernickiego, XLII. 390 486 naZWISK etnografów, XLIII str. - T. Lehr-Spławińskiego, XLII. 326-355. suplement; XLIV. 5e2478, 493 589 - w badaniach, XLV. 373 Indeksowanie melodii, XLII. 554Historia etnografii, XLII. 704, 705 606 - etnografii polskiej, XLIII. 9-122 Indor w bajce, XLV. 284 - ludów nie posiadających dokuInformatorzy O. Kolberga, XLII. mentów XLIV. 176 296, 303-305, 318, 351 -- narzędzi orackich, XLV. 158, 222 Inicjacje, XLII. 702 - odzieży, XLV. 399 Instrument ·maheve, XLV. 87 - Polski, XLIII. 300-312 Interpolowanie materiałów etnogra- Polskiego Towarzystwa Ludoficznych, XLIV. 159 znawczego, XLIII. 1-122 Interpretacja rysunków egipskich. - prawa, XLIV. 135 XLIV. 318 - Słowian, XLV. 377 Instytucja świątynna, XLV. 119 Histor:,czna metoda szkoły wiedeńIslam, XLV. 25 skiej, XLV. 92-123 Izba, XLII. 164, 137 Historyzm konsekwentny, XLIV. 168 istopka (j. ros.), X!..II. 211 - w etnografii, XLIV. 1.54, 167, 171 Jabłczanka, chamu[c, polewka, XLII. Hodowcy wielbłądów, XLV. 322 298 Hodowla, XLII. 285.; XLV. 148, 14.9 .Jagidniki, młynki, XLV. 215 Jagod~' leśne, XLII. 617 - bydła, XLV. 114-116, 336 �623 622 Jajko w bajce, XLV. 276, 285, 367 kaftany, XLII. 79-81, 91 Jakośt faktów kulturowych, XLIV. 185 Janicek, XLIV. 128 Jarzma Marknadook, XLII. 720 - szwedzkie, XLII. 720 Jata, budka ptasznicza, XLV. 239 Jeż w bajce, XLV. 284, 288 Język Ata, XLV. 54 - Balese - Efe, XLV. 46 '- Bambutów, XLV. 52 - Bantu, XLV. 20 - Basków, XLV. 16 - Basua, XLV. 54 - Bira - Sua, XLV. 65 - Ki-Bira, XLV. 54, -65 - Ki - Kumu, XLV. 65 Ki-ngwana. XLV. 54 - Ki-Sua, XLV. 60 - Ki-Suaheli, XLV. 33, 35 - kultowy Negritosów, XLV. 50 - murzyńskie, XLV. 56 - ngo-nke, XLV. 21 - Nkundo i Mongo, XLV. 51 - pi~mejskie, XLII. 703, 738-748.; XLV. 35-69 - Ruanda, XLV. 51 - sudańskie, XLV. 20 - Wa-Rundi, XLV. 51 Językoznawstwo, XLII. 703, 704 Jurta chazarska, XLII. 618 Jaki, __ o K 95, 97, 105 XLII. 187, 190 Kaczka w bajce, XLV. 283 Kadzioło, XLV. 25 Kafle, malowane, XLIII 355 Kalen ~arz uprawy, XLV. 146 Kalendarze gwiezdne Arabii, XLIV. 309 Kabotek, Kachle, XLII. kafle, krusznia, XLV. 139 Kamizele, XLII. 81 Kapa, część cepu, XLIV. 190 Kapeczka, kopeczka, czepiec, XLII. 102, 105, 107 Kapelusz, XLII. 81, 91, 101, 104 Kapitalizm, XLII. 69, 117 Karbowy, XLII. 77, 84, 91 Karby, barby, deseczki do oznaczania dni pailszczyżnianych, XLII. 522 Karczma, XLII. 191, 794 Karczowanie puszczy, XLII. 261 Karły Azji, XLV. 35, 40 Karple, XLII. 610 Kartografia etnograficzna, XLIV .. 153-204 - słownikowa, XLIV. 198-200 - Z.S.R.R., XLII. 640-642 Kartografowanie O. Kolberga, XLII. 227, 228 Kartogramy dynamiczne, XLIV .. 175-177 -etnograficzne, XLIV. 154-204 - Pesslera, XLIV. 194 - synchronistyczne, XLIV. 176 Kasty, XLIII. 298-300 - indyjskie, XLV. 368 Kasza brzana, z bru, XLV. 208 Katalog incipiów, XLII. 577 Kazymu, domy męskie, XLIV. 222 Kątnicy, biedacy, XLII. 71 Kibalka, XLII. 637 Kiecka, ~trój parobków, XLII. 79, 85, 93, 97 Kierpce, opi71cu, j. rum. XLV. 347, 348 Kierunek historyczno-kulturowy, XLIV. 16.5; XLV. 91-125 -- geograficzny, XLIV. 165 Kierznia, XLII. 163 Kij, XLII. 103 istyk, XLIII. 282 Kamienica, Kije pasterskie, XLII. 692 Kiszłak, XLIII. 208 Klasyfikacja literatury ludowej, XLIV. 266-267 Klatka kuropatwicza, XLII. 528 Klechdy, XLII. 12, 309, 312 Kleć, XLIII. 212 Klumie, postoły, XLV. 151 Kłódki wargowe, XLV. 71 Kłusownicy, XLV. 225 Kmiecie, XLiI. 62, 71-73, 151-154, 157, 168, 173, 193, 231 Kobiety szamanki, XLIV. 227 - u pasterzy nomadów, XLV. 356 - w rodzinie patriarchalnej, XLV. 340-342 Kobza, XLII. 683 Koczownicy, XLV. 46 - Arabii, XLII. 607 Kogi, łodzie fryzyjskie, XLIV. 61 Kogut w bajce, XLV. 278 - w wierzeniach, XLII. 631 Kolberga badania etnograficzne, XLII. 200-204, 208, 294-306, 323 - dzieło etnograficzne, XLII. 36, 40, 340 - komentarze, XLII. 30, 209, 225, 353 - metoda, XLII. 20, 23, 39, 48, 115, 116, 144-145, 148, 200, 202, 205206, 210, 220, 223, 275, 278, 279, 326, 338, 349, 354, 421 - korespondencja, XLII, 24, 39, 4148,205,217, 219, 270, 280, 296-297, 310, 314, 319, 322, 329, 336, 342, 356, 363, 372, 418, 422 - poglądy polityczne, XLII. 65-66, 229-230, 345. - przypisy naukowe, XLII. 29, 201, 279. - zainteresowania, XLII. 325, 329, 429, 431--445, 449. Kolberga zapis, XLII. 21, 42, 426, 440 Kolędy, XLII. 305. Kolonizacja wołoska, XLIV. 119 Kolor niebieski w stroju młodej, XLII. 99. Koła bose, XLII. 171. Kołchozy, XLIII. 207; XLIV. 211, 228-230. - Tadżyków, XLV. 328. Koło garncarskie, XLII. 667. Kołowroty, XLII. 124. Kołowrót, brama do wsi, XLV. 137, 141. - na kunach i stępkach, XLV. 140. Komasacja, XLV. 126, 155. Kominy, XLII. 137, 138, 183-185. Komora, XLII. 119, 120, 128, 135, 136, 184, 185. Komornicy, XLII. 62, 63, 71-75, 88-89, 92, 185. Koncepcja motywów wędrownych, XLIV. 254. Konewki, XLII. 167, 168. Konferencja atlasowa, Polskiego Atlasu Etnograficznego, XLII. 908-909; XLIII. 36; XLIV. 153. -- Centralnego Instytutu Kultury, XLII. 86. - dla badań nad narzędziami ornymi, XLIII. 442-447. - etnografów w Krakowie, XLIII. 25. XLIV. 153, 155. - nad indeksowaniem, XLIII. 45. - paremiologiczna, XLIII. 447. - pokojowa w Paryżu, XLIII. 247; XLIV. 47. - skandynawska, XLIII. 267. Kongres etnografii morskiej, XLIV. 56. - etnograficzny N. R. D. XLIII. 236. Nauk antropologicznych i etno- �625 624 graficznych w Filadelfii, XLV. 485-494. Kongres nauki polskiej, XLIII. 25 - slawistów w Moskwie, XLIV. 168; XLV - w Greiswaldzie, XLIV. 12 Konik, deska, XLIII. 215 - w bajce, XLV. 281 Konserwacja mięsa, XLII. 61') Konstrukcja na słupy, XLIII. 219. Korabie, XLIV. 62. Korabnictwo, XLIV. 58. Korespondenci Kolberga, Xl II. 20!', 220, 227, 228, 35~-357 Kosa, XLII. 155-159. Kosz, XLV. 238. Koszula męska, XLII. 85. poncho, XLII. 636. - przyramkowa, XLII. 290. - na wierzch, XLV. 326. Kot w bajce, XLV. 278. Kotły Jukagirów, XLV. 318. Kowal, XLV. 325. Koza, XLIV. 12I. - pies i kura w Afryce, XLV. 22. Koziol lubuski, XLIII. 332. Kozy brat y, zabawa, XLII. 543. Kożuch, XLII. 79, 80, 86, 93, 97, 98. - ukraiński, XLII. 637. Koźliny, XLII. 131 Kraj, XLII. 280. Krąg austro-azjatycki, XLIII. 297. Kremer, drapacz, XLII. 151, 152 Kręgi kulturowe, LXII. 706; XLV. 110. Kronika Kaspra Weinreicha, XLIV. 68. Krusznia, kamienie, XLV. 139. Kn'teria etnograficzne, XLII. 273. - geograficzne, XLII. 273. Kr~·terium ciągłości, XLV. 100. - form~', XLV. 97. - ilości, XLV. 97, 98 Kryterium jakości, XLV. 97, 98 - odnośni czyli kontaktów, XLV. 97. - reliktowości, XLII. 268, 292. - rozbieżności, XLIV. 32. - stopnia pokrewieństwa, XLV. 100. Krytyka dzieła "Ludy Afryki", XLV. 329-332. - metody Kolberga, XLII. 275-293, 458. - metody Kosinny, XLIII. 42. - monografii Tadżyków, XLV. 328329. - osiągnięć Polskiego Towarzystwa Ludoznawczego, XLIII. 46, 57, 66. - postanowień konferencji wersalskiej, XLIII. 247, 248. - zbiorku Kolberga, XLII. 311. Krzywda społeczna, XLV. 275. Księga przysłów, XLIII. 449. Kultura afrykańska, XLV. 14, 20 - andyjska, XLII. 731 - archeologiczna, XLIII. 244. - ceramiki grzebykowej, XLV. 380. - chłopska, XLIV. 195 - duchowa, XLII. 238; XLIV. 179. - duchowa Słowian wschodnich, XLII. 632. - ludowa, XLII. 675. - ludowa Słowian, XLIV. 166. - ludów egzotycznych, XLII. 729. - materialna, XLII. 43-199, 232237, 272; XLIV. 179. - materialna Szwajcarii, XLII. 698, 699, 700, 716-717. - materialna, XLV. 101, 102. - narodowa, XLII. 292. - niższych rolników, XLV. 104. - nomadów, XLV. 115. - pigmejów, XLV. 19. - półwyspu Czukotskiego, XLIV. 209-211 Kultura pasterska, XLV. 104 - patriarchalna, XLV. 102. - proletariatu, XLII. 654. - robotnicza, XLII. 652. - ~ocjalistyczna, XLII. 654. - społeczna, XLII. 240; XLIII. 6370; XLIV. 179. XLV. 340-342. - społeczna i duchowa Szwajcarii, XLII, 700 - społeczna Słowian wschodnich, XLII. 634. - staroruska, XLII. 632. - Sudanu, XLIV. 316. - tadżycka, XLV. 328. - totemiczna, XLV. 21, 365. - tracka, XLV. 345. - Drug, XLV. 12I. - wsi, XLII. 49. - zbieraczy, XLV. 103 Kulturowe zróżnicowanie, XLII. 45, 46. Kultury definicja, XLII. 713. - wtórne, XLV. 103. - wysokie, XLV. 117-123. - zasadnicze, XLV. 103, 104. Kult bóstwa niebios, XLV. 104. - księżyca, XLV. 104. - przodKów, XLV. 104. - zmarłych, XLV. 359. Kulty, XLII. 70I. - murzyńskie, XLIV. 298. Kułak, XLII. 95, 154; XLV. 154. Kuna żelazna, XLII. 195. Kunup, XLII. 613, 614. Kurut, ser, XLII. 615. Kutry o czerwonych żaglach, XLIV. 57 Kwestionariusz, B. Grabowskiego, XLIV. 134. - do budownictwa, XLIV. suplement. - rolnictwa i hodowli, XLV. 203. - Polskiego Atlasu Etnograficznego, XLII. 922-925. 40 .• LUd" t. XLV L La:la. XLII. 169. Lasa, ogrodzenie, XLII. 129. Laska, lola, XLII. 103, 104. laszczenie siedlisk, XLV. 14I. Lebioda, łoboda, szabaga, Henopodium album, XLII. 297. Lecznictwo N. Gwinei, XLIV. 310; XLV. 352 Legenda fenicka, XLIV. 330. Lepianka, XLII. 175, 176; XLV. 325. Leśne bóstwa, XLV. 47. Leziwo, łazuki, XLV. 150. Liczebniki w j. afryk. XLV. 23. Liga j. nigryckich, XLV. 20. Literatura etnograficzna, XLIV. 178. - ludowa, XLII. 9-34, 42; XLIII. 325. - ludowa węgierska, XLV. 335. - rolnicza, XLV. 158, 202. - sowizdrzalska, XLII. 29. Lokalizacja badał} Kolberga, XLII. 348. - paleniska, XLV. 342. Losowanie pola, XLV. 139. Ludność kultury łużyckiej, XLII. 476-480. - pasterska, XLV. 23. - polinezyjska, XLV. 370. - pragermańska, XLIV. II. - puszczańska, XLII. 276 Ludowa twórczość rosyjska, XLIV. 256. Ludoznawstwo, XLIII. 13. - Łużyc, XLII. 787-794; XLIV. 348. - polskie, XLII. 10; XLIII. 9-169. - Skandynawii, Danii i Finlandii, XLII. 260-272. Ludu twórczość, XLII. 30, 3I. Ludy Afryki, XLV. 329. - ginące, XLV. 369. I, �627 626 Ludy karłowate, XLV. 35-69 _ Sachalinu, XLIII. 199. _ sumeryjskie, XLV. 22. Ł Leziwo, XLV. 150. XLII. 722 Łaźnik, wspólny grunt, XLV. 136 Łączność Afryki z Azją, XLV. 20. _ Afryki z Indiami i Indonezją, XLV. 18. _ kultury afrykańskiej i melanezyjskiej, XLV. 2I. _ paleolitu, XLV. 16. Łodzie dłubanki, XLIV. 60. _ klepkowe, XLII, 782-785. - niewodowe, XLIV. 7I. _ słowiańskie, XLIV. 66. Łowiectwo, XLV. 223-262. - z sieciami, XLII. 542 - wyższe, XLV. 110. Łóżko, XLII. 165-166. Łuki afrykańskie, XLV. 97-98. - Batwa, XLV. 15. _ jako instrument, XLV. 349. - Jukagirów, XLV. 318. _ polinezyjskie, XLII. 726. Łyko brzozowe, XLV. 151. Łazuki, Łaźnia, bastu, M Macierzyństwo u ChiI'lczyków, XLV. 352, 353. Madarski jeździec, XLII. 685. Madżak, Modżak, XLII. 505. Magia, XLIII. 71-92, 314. XLV. 47, 103. _ czynna sympatyczna, XLV. 104. Magiczne statuetki, XLV. 361. Malowidła Buszmenów, XLV. 15. Małżeństwo chłopskie, XLIV. 137152. - grupowe, XLIV. 226. Małżeństwo parzyste, XLIV. 225. _ stryjecznych braci i sióstr, XLV. 324. Mamuny, XLV. 313. Mana, melanezyjska dusza, XLV. 359. Manna, XLII. 530. Maniaki, cienie, XLV. 239-242. Mapa badal'! Kolberga, XLII. 248, 300, 302, 363. _ Jakubowskiego, XLV. 130. _ Kwatermistrzostwa, XLV. 131. _ rozmieszczenia zbiorów etnograficznych, XLIV. 448, 449. _ zasięgu nazw części pługa, XLV. 191. Mapy katastralne, XLV. 125. _ Polskiego Atlasu Etnograficznego, XLV. 494-516. Maribo, XLV. 26. Maski murzyńskie, XLV. 71-73. Materializm historyczny, XLIV. 191. Matriarchat, XLV. 116 Materiały archeologiczne, XLIII. 188. _ etnograficzne, XLIV. 202. _ Kolberga, XLII. 352, 359, 362, 367. - muzealne, XLIV. 185. Mazurki, XLII. 12. Medycyna Australczyków, XLII. 703. Melodii indeks, XLII. 554-606. - transDonowanie, XLII. 579. Mercha., ·opłatCJ.za kobietę, XLV. 324. Metanastazje, XLIV. 161. Metoda analityczno-porównawcza, XLIV. 167. - analizy kultury, XLIV. 163. - badań etnograficznych, XLIII. 5I. _ ekspozycji etnograficznej, XLIV. 391-451. _ historyczno-kulturowa, XLV. 97109. - St. Huts'ledta, XLII. 572. Metoda indeksowania melodii, XLII. 554-606 - jakościowa, XLV. 380. - kartograficzna w etnografii, XLIV. 153-204. - G. Kossinny, XLIII. 242. - kręgów kulturowych, XLV. 93. - marksistowska, XLIII. 48; XLIV. 251, 279. - Mersmanna, XLII. 567 - osadniczo :ucheologiczna, XLIII. 242. - porównawcza, XLII. 48. - punktowa, XLIV. 201 - punktów reprezentacyjnych, XLIV. 203. retrogresywna, XLIII. 174; XLIV. 159. - statystyczna, XLIV. 144. - typologiczna, XLIV. 167. - T. Wojciechowskiego, XLIII. 174. Metodołogia, XLII. H, 34, 40, 48, 689, 697. - marksistowska, XLII. 34. - kierunku Graebnera-Schmidta, XLV. 93. Metodyka badań społecznych, XLV. 371. Miary pola, XLV. 137, 138. kożuch, XLII. 98. Miejscowości badane przez Kolberga, XLII. 211, 333. - uprawy bru, XLV. 219-222. Mieszkanie, XLII. 234. - Lapończyków, XLII. 687 Migracje, XLIV. 161. - kulturowe, XLV. 117. - ludności murzyńskiej, XLV. 18,20. - między Australią i Ameryką, XLV. 354. - Słowian, XLII. 465, 497. Miotacze, XLII. 619, 620. Miśnik:, XLII. 165, 166. Miderak, 40· Mitologia słoneczna, solarna, XLV. 104, 110. Młócenie, XLV. 382. Młyn, XLII. 159. - kieratowy, XLV. 336. - w Polsce, XLII. 754. Monisto, nami sto, paciorki, XLII. 637. Monografi~ etnograficzna, XLII. 15, 16, 18. - górników, XLIII. 259. -- Kurpiów, XLII. 274, 275. - regionalna, XLIV. 154. słowacka, XLIV. 274-281. - śląska, XLII. 315, 326. - tematyczna, XLIII. 41 - Turkmenów, XLII. 608, 609. Monogamia, XLV. 103. Mpolo, schowki murzyńskie, XLV.71. Murzyński wkład do cywilizacji, XLV. 15. Motyki, XLII. 157; XLV. 321. Motywy, XLII. 341. Muzea, XLII. 801-878. - etnograficzne, XLIV. 351-480.; XLV. 658-659 Muzeum Etnograficzne w Krakowie, XLIV. 391-480. - kaszubskie, XLV. 453-477. - plockie, XLIV. 477-479. - skandynawskie, XLIII. 267. Muzeologia węgierska, XLII. 693. Muzyka ludowa, XLII. 11, 676 - węgierska, XLII. 694. - wielkopolska, XLII. 212. Muzykanci, XLII. 107. Myszonki, ślemiona, XLII, 131, 192. Myśliwce i zbieracze Afryki, XLV. 19. N Naczynie ar~ukańskie, XLII. - drewniane, XLII. 167. - na wodę, XLV. 87. 619. �629 628 Naczynia z kory, XLII. 615, 616 _ z wymienia krowy, XLII. 619. dodatki, XLV. 136. Najazdy Wikingów, XLV. 26. Najstarsza rasa, XLV. 39. Namioty koczowników, XLV. 326. Namitka, XLII. 637. Narada etnografów radzieckich, XLII. 640, 642. Narodziny, XLII. 377, 378 Narody wschodnio-słowiańskie, XLIII. 632 Narty, XLII. 610-613 Narzecze sandomierskie, XLII. 495. Narzędzia, ciesielskie, XLII. 160, 161. Naddawki, - kowalskie, XLII. 159-160. produkcji, XLII. 149-164. rolnicze, XLII. 150-159; XLV. 158-202. - rolnicze rosyjskie, XLII. 641 - rybackie, XLII. 161; XLIII. 240 Nauki pomocnicze historii, XLIV. 488-495. - tajemne, XLIV. 117. Nawożenie, XLV. 143. Nawóz jako opał, XLV. 344. Nawsie, XLII. 124; XLIII. 324 Nazwy bru, XLV. 204. - buszki, XLV. 198. - głosów zwierzęcych, XLV. 223. - patronimiczne, XLV. 138. - pługa, XLV. 196-197. - pól, XLV. 138. - radła, XLV. 200. - topograficzne Podlasia, XLV. 131. Narzecza murzyńskie, XLV. 33, 65, 66. - romańskie w Afryce, XLV. 25 Negrilles, negritos XLV. 36. Nereidy, nimfy, XLV. 307. Nicielnice, XLII. 717. Niewolnictwo, XLII. 607. Nimfy, XLV. 307. Niwa, niwki, XLV. 134, 138 Nomadyzm pasterski, XLV. 115. O Obertasy, XLII. 12. Obora, XLII. 130, 193-195. Obrażnik, XLII. 110. Obróbka kości, XLII. 625. - lnu, XLII. 158, 159, 721. - pokrzywy, XLII. 627. - skóry, XLII. 626. Obrzezanie, XLV. 325. Obrzędy, XLII. 262. - as-saleh, zdzieranie skóry, XLV. 325. - Czukczów, XLV. 318. - jesienne, XLII. 389-390. - letnie, XLII. 386. - oczyszczania, XLV. 350. - rodzinne, XLII. 363-382. - solarno-agrarne, XLII. 634. - weselne, XLII. 366. - wiosenne, XLII. 384--386. - wioślarzy, XLV. 319. - zimowe, XLII. 391-394. -związane z polowaniem, XLV. 319 - żniwne, XLII. 394-397. Ob~erwacja społeczna, XLV. 372. Obszary historycznych kultur, XLIII. 245; XLII. 713. Obszar uprawy bru, XLV. 210. Obyczaj infibulacji, XLV. 325. Ocena Atlasu Polskich Strojów Ludowych, XLIII. 67. - materiałów Kolberga, XLII. 264-293, 335. - procesów współczesnych, XLIV. 159. Ocena tez l\Tiestopisu, XLIV. 286-287. Ochrona zabytków kultury ludowej, XLIV. 351-357. Odpływ ludności niemieckiej, XLIII. 251. Odrębność etniczna, XLII. 341 Odryna, szopa, XLV. 153. Odzież, XLII. 69-n~. - Chantów, XLII. 625-628. - Słowian wschodnich, XLII." 635. - ukraińska, XLII. 636. Ofiara z koguta, XLV. 354. - z ludzi, XLIII.-297; XLV. 354. - z niedźwiedzi, XLV. 104. Ogrody, XLII, 128, 198. Ogrodzenie patrz płot. Okna, XLII. 128, 184, 186-188. Okół, XLII. 129. Okres folwarczno-pańszczyźniany, XLII. 127. - kapitalizmu, XLII, 285, 287. - prac monograficznych, XLIII. 75 - prac syntetycznych, XLII. 81 - zbieractwa, XLIII. 72 Okręty Wikingów, XLIV. 63 Okreslniki czasu i jakości, XLIV. 177 Okrycia głowy, XLII. 609 Opis brony, XLV. 167, 168, 175 - budownictwa lubelskiego, XLII. 234 - Kolberga, XLII. 262 - kultury ludowej, XLII. 216, 241 - obrzędów, XLII. 210, 240 - odzieży ludowej, XLII. 224 - pługa, XLV. 160, 174 - radła, XLV. 161, 174, 175 - sochy, XLV. 174 - ~trojów, XLII. 207, 210, 313 - wesela, XLII. 204. 212, 222, 224 Opisanie świata, XLII, 785-787 Oracje weselne, XLII. 16 Organizacja bartnicza, XLII. 267, 282 - polityczna murzynów, XLIV. 303 - rodowa, XLII. 607; XLV. 317 - wypasu, XLV. 149 Orka, XLII. 151, 152 - sochą, XLV. 138 Ornament, XLII. 607, 628; XLIV. 240 Oryl, XLII. 538 Osadnictwo Beskidu śląskiego, XLIV, 292 - Karpat, XLIII. 336 - kmiece, XLII, 123 - kultury trypolskiej, XLIV. 301 - kurpiowskie, XLII, 267, 276, 277 - Orawy, XLIV. 281-296 - słowiańskie, XLIV. 65 Osady na prawie niemieckim, XLIV. 118 Oset, XLII. 546 Oskoła, XLII. 617 Osobowość Kolberga, XLII. 461 Oświetlenie, XLII. 54 Owca tłu~toogonowa, XLV. 23 Owczarnia, XLII. 196 Ozdoby z piór, XLII. 637 P Palenie fajki, XLV. 86 Palenisko otwarte, XLV. 342-347 Pamiętniki chłopskie, XLV. 406 Państwo afro Shungway'a, XLV. 352 - sumerycko-akkadyjskie, XLV. 119 - wielkopolskie, XLII. 465, 486, 494-497 Państwowość czeska, XLII. 465-480 Paralele etnograficzne i archeologiczne, XLV. 353 - plesm polskich litewskich, XLII. 444 �631 630 Parobcy, XLII, 71, 73, 75, 91-94 Pas weryp, XLII. 626, 628 Patronimia, XLV. 323 Patrylokalność, XLV. 341 Pasterstwo, XLII. 262, 723 Pastuch, XLII, 87, 88; XLV. 149 Peca, glina, XLII. 139 Peczka, j. buł. piec, XLV. 346 Periodyzacj a, XLIII. 158, 1.59, 164 - atlasu czeskiego, XLIV. 252 - zjawisk etnograficznych, XLIV. 180 Pianie koguta, XLV. 273 Piastun, roczny wilk, XLV. 224 Piec, XLII. 137, 138, 185; XLIII. 213 - piekarski, XLV. 344 - ruski, XLIV. 233 - stożkowaty, XLII. 691, 692 Pieczenie chleba, XLII. 164 Pieczywka, XLIII. 280 Piekarnie, domy bez kominów, XLII. 138 Pies w bajce, XLV. 279 Pieśni, XLII. 308, 317, 322, 324, 328, 341, 426; XLV. 217 - Białochrobatów, XLII. 336 - beduińskie, XLV. 328 - buntownicze, XLII. 297 - dworskie, XLII. 25 - fińskie, XLII. 720 - górnośląskie, XLII. 315 - kościelne, XLII. 353 - kurpiowskie, XLIII. 139 - litewskie, XLII. 431-445 - ludu polsk:ie~o, XLII. 10-26, 42, 45, 47, 200, 212, 251; XLIII. 142 - łużyckie, XLII. 422 - mieszczańskie, XLII. 25 - o szewczyku, XLIII. 357 - popularne, XLII. 25, 26 - rewolucyjne, XLII. 638 - szlacheckie, XLII. 25 - weselne, XLII. 201 Pieśni wielkopolskie, XLII. 201 - żałobna o Kmicie, XLII, 25 - żołnierska, XLII. 676 Pieśniczki, XLII. 24 Pijaństwo, XLII. 52-53, 59 Pikulka, wabik na sarny, XLV. 252 Pigmeje, XLIII. 427; XLV. 15,3569 Pióra pawie, XLII. 91, 103 Piwnice, XLII, 133, 195 Piwo ałtajskie, XLII. 617 Plan domu, stodoły, XLII. 235 Platformy palowe N. Gwinei, XLV. 351 Plebiscyt, XLIII. 250; XLIV. 47 Plemiona Indii, XLV. 370 Plonowanie, dożynki, XLV. 153 Płachta poniowa, j. ros., XLII. 636 Plosa pole, XLV. 134 Płot, XLII. 123, 129, 133, 194, 198; XLV. 140 - laskowy, XLV. 141 - wygradzany, XLV. 141 - z łupanego drzewa, XLV. 141 Płótno drukowane, XLII. 636 Pług, XLII. 150-154; XLV. 158-203 - arabski, XLV. 321 - bezkoleśny. XLII. 151, 155 - kowalski, XLV. 147 - koleśny, XLII. 151, 155 - praski, XLV. 182, 185 - Sincerusa, XLV. 161 - Sucheniego, XLV. 147 - w Egipcie, XLV. 24 - Zawadzkie~o, XLV. 147 Pochodzenie narodu, XLIV. 161 - Indoeuropejczyków, XLIII. 51 - narodu kirgiskiego, XLIV. 212219 Pochówki chińskie, XLV. 348, 34~ - japońskie, XLV. 359 - popielnicowe Azj!, XLV. 361 - wtórne, XLV. 356 Podania, XLIV. 120-129 - historyczne, XLII. 17-20 - spiskie, XLIV. 118-129 - wsi Hruskie, XLV. 131 Podcienie, XLII. 137 Podłoga, XLII. 185, 186 Podział ludów Ameryki Północnej, XLII. 734 - na regiony, XLII. 333 - ojcowizny, XLIV. 138 - Pigmejów, XLV. 38, 44 - Rusinó",-, XLII. 633 Podyma, klatka na puchacza, XLV. 236 Poezja chłopów, XLIII. 327 Pogranicze słowacko-niemieckie, XLIV. 249 Pogrzeb, XLII. 378-382. p. pochówki Pojedynek na skórze mona, XLV. 317 Pojęcie "archetypów", XLV. 366 Pokut, święty kąt, XLIII. 214-215 Polemika Gansiniec-Karwot, XLIII. 472,487 - Bartyś-Kaznowska-Jarecka XLV. 517 Polski Atlas Etnograficzny, XLIII. 34.-69; XLV. 203, 494-516 Polowanie z ptakiem, XLV. 235-237 - na zwierzynę morską, XLV. 315 Pol, XLIII. 216 Pomieszczenia gospodarskie, XLII 195-198 Poncho, XLII. 627 Poniewa, ~oniowa, j. ros. płachta, XLII. 636; XLIII. 192 Popularyzacja etnografii, XLIII, 157-168 Posag, XLII. 87 Posoua, pułap, XLII. 185, 186 Postaci demoniczne, XLV. 307, 308 Postęp cywilizacji, XLII. 345 Postęp w rolnictwie, XLII. 155; XLV. 158-202 Poświęcanie nowych' sań, XLV. 319 Potrawy z bru, XLV. 215 Potrzeby muzealnictwa etnograficznego, XLIV. 371, 378 Poweti, szopy, XLIII. 219 Powieści, XLII. 15, 24, 28; XLV. 309 Powinowactwo, XLII. 328 Pożywienie, XLII. 53, 54, 258; XLV. 144 - Ałtajczyków, XLII. 613 - głodowe, XLV. 211 Pół kmieć, XLII. 154 Półrolnik, XLII. 152, 154, 156, 181, 192 Półślednik, XLII. 153, 156, 169, 173, 192 Prace orientalistyczne, XLIII. 432 Prakultura, XLV. 103 - pigmejska, XLV. 40 Praojczyzna Słowian, XLV. 377 Prawo lenne w Czechach, XLII. 668 - ludowe, XLIV. 132 - ludu Garo, XLIV. 321 - niemieckie, XLII. 414 - polskie, XLII. 413; XLIV. 133 - rozwoju kultury, XLIV. 155, 167 - wskaźnika średniej arytmetycznej głowy, XLIV. 31 - wołoskie, XLIV. 287 - zwyczajowe, XLII. 413; XLIV. 133 Prażaki, kasza z bru, XLIV. 214 Prądy metodologiczne w etnografii, XLIII. 49-62 Problem czasu w etnografii, XLIV. 174-181 - etnogenezy, XLIV. 190 - klasowo-społeczny, XLII. 231, 343, 352 - Lapończyków, XLV. 380 Procesje, XLIV. 92 �633 632 Procesy ciągłych przemian, XLIV. 157 - historyczne a środowisko geograficzne, XLIV. 193-198 - etnogenetyczne, XLII. 18 - mieszania się kultur. XLIV. 161 Program badań społecznych, XLIII. 69 - Polskiego Atlasu Etnograficznego, XLIII. 36 Proletariat wiejski, XLII. 61, 65, 85, 87 Proso, XLV. 206 - pałkowe, XLV. 203 -- włoskie, XLV 204 Protochamici, XLV. 21 Prowincja kulturowa, XLII. 244 Proza ludowa, XLII. 16 Przebudowa etnografii, XLIII. 31 - socjalistyczna, XLII. 608 Przebieranie się za lamparta, XLV. 84 Przechowywanie odzieży. XLII. 627 - produktów, XLII. 619 Przedmiot badań etnograficznych, XLII. 17 - i cel etnografii, XLII. 456, 646, 647,695-697, 909-912; XLIII. 221, 254; XLIV. 325 Przednówek, XLII. 298 Przekleństwa, XLIII. 436 Przełazy p. płoty Przejście do wieku męskiego p. inicjacje. Przełom, metodologiczny, XLIV. 154 - w etnografii niemieckiej, XLIII. 241 - w kulturze, XLIV. 181 Przemiany wsi, XLII. 49, 57-59, 61--65, 70, 117, 124, 127 Przemysł lubelski, XLII, 236 - ludowy ruski, XLII. 639 Przeobrażenia antropologiczne, XLII. 465, 473 - wsi Z.S.R.R., XLII. 649 Przeploty, XLII. 721 Przesądy ludu litewskiego, XLII. 442 Przeszłość murzyńska, XLV. 17, 18 Przeżytki, XLIII. 18 Przodkowie Egipcjan, XLV. 23 Przyczyny chorób, XLV. 362 Przydomki murzynów, XLIV. 302 Przydziały ziemi, XLIV. 139-141 Przysłowia, XLII. 12, 15, 18-20, 324 Przywolywek, XLIV. 135 Pstruchy, wełniane płachty, XLII. 98 Psychologia ludów, XLV. 106. - postaci, XLV. 357 Pszenica, czerwonka, wąsatka, XLV. 144 Pueblo, XLIII. 284-287 Purgatio canonica, XLIV. 89 Pustka rubieżna, XLII. 499 R instrument smyczkowy, XLV. 328 Rada starszych, XLV. 154 Radlica, XLII. 151-153 Radła, XLII. 151-153; XLV. 169, 188 Rak w bajce, XLV. 281, 282 Rasa, Bałtów, XLIV. 13 - pigmoidalna w Australii, XLV. 354 - falijska, XLIV. 14 Rataj, XLII. 71, 73, 152-154; XLV. 132 Reaktywowanie Polskiego Towarzystwa Ludoznawczego, XLII. 20, 21 Reedycja, XLII. 294, 460, 462 Region, XLII. 333, 334 Regionalizacja budownictwa, XLV. 391 Rababa., Rekonstrukcja dziejów kultury, XLIV. 166 Rekonstrukcja dziejów Afryki, XLV. 18, 22 - proces6w historycznych, XLII. 48, 115; XLIV. 159 - podziału gruntowego, XLV. 12:1 Religia Isnegów, XLIV. 321 - murzynów, XLIV. 303,311,312 - Pigmejów , XLV. 37 Religioznawstwo, XLV. 350 Relikty, XLTI. 330; XLIII. 18 Retrogresja historyczna, XLIV. 234 Heza, włóka, plosa, XLV. 137 Rękopisy Kolberga, XLII. 307 Rodzina duża, XLII. 607; XLV. 153 - języków Nil-Kongo, XLV. 20 - mała, Eskimosów, XLIV. 221 '- patriarchalna, XLV. 317 - wielka, XLII. 684 Rogi na proch, XLV. 86 Rok obrzędowy, XLII. 382-398 Rola kowala, kapłana, XLV. 365 Rolnictwo, XLII. 58; XLV. 114-116 - kurpiowskie, XLII. 289 - mazowieckie, XLII. 261 - w Egipcie, XLV. 24 Rośliny jadalne, XLII. 614, 617 Rozedrzyskała, Rozwaliskała, bajka, XLV. 271, 275 Rozniecanie ognia przy pomocy wiercenia, XLV. 46 Rozrywziele, bajka. XLII. 17 Rozszczepienie się wspólnoty, XLIV. 161 Rozwarstwienie klasowe, społeczne, XLII. 229-230, 292; XLIV. 157 - wsi, XLII. 6'9-114, 119, 127 Rozwój konstrukcji drewnianej, XLV. 388 Różnice rozwoju kultury, XLIV. 161 Rubandy, zasłony weselne, XLII. 630 Rubież etnograficzna, XLII. 470, 471; XLIV. 188 - Europy, XLV. 17 Ruch religijny górali, XLIV. 340 Ruiny Zimbabwe, XLV. 25 Rusałki, XLV. 307, 314 Ryba w bajce, XLV. 284 Rybołówstwo, XLII. 161, 162, 191 Rycerz odrodzenia, tancerz murz., XLV. 81-83 Rydel, XLII. 151 Ryki, płoty kamienne, XLV. 140 Rysunki skalne Australii, XLIV. 322 Rzemiosło wiejskie, XLII. 52, 59, 237, 267 Rzepa, XLII. 549 Rzesza Wielkomorawska, XLII. 667 Rzeźba czukocka, XLII. 625 - Mawia, afryk., XLV. 80 - Tuwińców, XLIII. 195 - w kości, XLII. 624 S Sa.ba, worek do mleka, XLII. 615 Sabat czarownic, XLII. 17 Sadyba, XLIII. 203 Samotrzask na ptaki, XLII. 527, 223-262 Sanie, XLII. 173 Saraj, drwalnia, XLIV. 232 Sarafan, odzież XLII. 636 Satyry ludowej podział, XLV. 408 Schemat kręgów kulturowych, XLV. 103 - rozwc~u społeczeństwa, XLII. 704 Seminarium afrykanistyczne, XLIII. 497-500 Separacja gruntów, XLII. 127 Sesj a Kolbergowska, XLII. 218, 454-464, 938-947 Sesj a etnograficzna, niemiecka, XLIII. 441, 442 �634 Sesja odrodzenia PAN, XLIII. 348 _ podhalaI1ska, XLIV. 267, 500, 512, 522 _ naukowa A.N. ZSRR, XLII. 886, 893 Sezonowa translokacja, XLII, 723 Sieć badań, XLIV. 203 Siedliska, XLV. 135 Siekierka, XLII. 536 Sień, XLII. 185-188, 135; XLIII. 212 Sierp. XLII. 155-159. Sibie~e, siubie~e, sybile, XLV. 314 Sidło, XLII. 529 Sidziniarki, XLIV. 340 Silesiana, XLII. 307, 458 Sinanthropus, XLII. 707 Siostrzan, siestrzan, XLII. 185 Sitarze biłgorajscy, XLII. 231, 237 Siwaki podlaskie, XLIII. 354 Skiba, XLV. 138 Skala, Bunaka, XLIV. 47 - Fischera Sallera, XLIV. 19 - Martina, XLIV. 19 Skarby podziemne, XLIII. 551 Sk~e;:y, piwnice, XLII. 195 Skład etniczny Azji, XLII. 219-221 - ludności iberyjskiej. XLV. 23 Składnik paleoazjatycki, XLIV. 4'2 Składniki antropologiczne, XLIV. 31 Skórki ptaków, XLII. 627 Skrzynia, XLII. 165, 166 Slawistyka, XLII. 44 Słopiec na wilki, XLII. 524 Słowak, słowacki, słowiański, XLIV. 296 Słowianoznawstwo, XLII. 465 Słownik etymologiczny języka czeskiego, XLIII. 272 - foklorystyczny, XLIII. 288-296 - górnośląski, XLIII. 357 - filozoficzny, XLIV. 160 Słowr:iczek gwarowy, XLII. 15, 316 635 Słowniczek pigmejski, XLII. 747-748 - starożytności słowiańskich XLIII. 425 Smoki rytualne, XLIII. 274 Smyk, XLII. 173 Saba, j. buł. izba, XLV. 347 Socha, XLII. 51, 197, 920; XLIII, 219; XLIV. 72, 301; XLV. 142, 147, 169, 177, 178 Socha litewska, podlallka, XLV. 181 - łopatkowa, XLII. 261, 721 - i ślemię, XLII. 629 - szwedzka, XLII. 721 Socjologia, XLII. 702; XLV. 371 Sołtysi, XLII. 120, 157, 170 Spancerek, XLII. 79, 81 Spar, wspar, XLV. 231 Specyfika kultury Słowian, XLII. 331 - polskiej kultury ludowej, XLIV. 235 - terenu kurpiowskiego, XLII. 287 Spichrz, spichlerek, spichlerzyk, XLII. 128-130, 196 Spichrze, świrnie, XLV. 152 - Ulczów, XLII. 629 Spiłowane zęby, XLV. 90 Spław, XLIII. 230 Spodnie, XLII. 81, 85, 91, 101 - na oczkur, XLII. 637 - z cielęcej skóry, XLII. 80-95 Spódnice, spodnik, XLII. 83, 92, 95, 103, 105 Spółdzielczość, XLV. 155 Sprawozdanie Instytutu Historii Kultury Materialnej, XLIII. 500 Sprzęt zbóż, XLII. 155-159 Sprzęty, XLII. 162-169, 260, 261 Stadia rozwoju kultury, XLII. 707709 Stajnia, XLII. 193-195 Stajonka, długość pola, XLV. 138 Stanik, XLII. 102 Stare i nowe w etnografii, XLIII 179; XLIV. 182 Statki, naczynia, XLII, 16'2-164 - słowiańskie, XLII. 782-785 Statut cysterski. XLIV. e3 - Polskiego Towarzystwa Ludoznawczego, XLIV. 527-539 Stępa, XLV. 214, 321 Stodoła, XLII. 127-132, 191-193.; XLIV. 220 Stosunki etniczne tysiąclecia, XLIII. 'ł05 - pokrewieństwa w N. Brytanii, XLV. 367 - rodzinne węgierskie, XLV. 341 - społeczne Czukczów , XLV. 315 - węgiersko-słowiańskie, XLV. 338 Stożenie siana, XLV. 146 Stół, XLII. 165, 166 Straszaki, XLV. 257-262 Stroje lubelskie, XLII. 233 - łużyckie, XLIV. 348 Strój głowy, XLII. 637 - ludowy, XLII. 112, 290, 608.; XLIII. 337-344 - ludowy rumuński, XLV. 347 - obrzędowy, XLV. 90 - ślubny, XLII. 102 - Tadżyków, XLII. 602 Struktura antropologiczna Balticum XLIV. 40 - etniczna Afryki, XLV. 13-34 - rodowa Turcji. XLIV. 320 Strzyga, XLII. 534.; XLV. 313 Strzygoń, XLII. 532 Strzyża, XLII. 525 Studnia, XLII. 123-126, 132-133, 196-197 Substrat staropigmejski, XLV. 65 Sukmany, XLII. 86, 91, 97, 102, 103, 313 Sumiki, XLII. 140 Suszarnia, XLV. 382 Synchronizacja zjawisk, XLIV. 175 Synteza antropologiczna, XLII. 465521 - etnograficzna, XLIV. 163 Symbioza, XLV. 45, 47, 54, 57 System Aarne-Thompson-Krzyżanowski, XLII. 761 - językowy, XLII. 707 - dwóch klas, XLV. 113, 117 - A. Riegera, XLII. 554.-606 - zmianowania odgłogowego, XLV. 142 Systematyka, XLII. 48 - bajek, XLII. 21, 29.; XLV. 263 - faktów kulturowych, XLIV. 170 - epiki ludowej, XLV. 4.05 -- Kolberga, XLII. 27, 147 Szachownica gruntów, XLV. 127 Szachulec, XLII. 140 Szałaśnictwo alpejskie, XLII. 695 Szamanizm, XLV. 357 Szczepy Bałtów, XLIV. 12 Szczyt domu, XLII. 131 Szczodry wieczór, XLV. 314 Szeregi rozwojowe, XLIV. 172 Szkoła kulturowo-historyczna, XLII. 704.; XLIV. 156 - lingwistyczno-mitologiczna, XLII. 327.; XLIV. 254 _ wiedeńska, XLV. 91-124, 359 - zapożyczeń, XLIV. 254 Szlachta mazowiecka, XLV. 488 Szlak bursztynowy, XLII. 488 - handlowy, XLIV. 73 Szkutnictwo, XLIV. 57 - gdańskie, XLIV. 67 - skandynawskie, XLIV. 60 Szońdy, XLII. 197 Szore, XLII. 83 Sztuka białoruska. XLII. 642 - paleolitu, XLV. 15 �ti36 637 Sztuka plastyczna Słowian wschodnich, XLII. 635 - Powiśla, XLV. 418-421 - ukraiń~ka, XLII. 639 Szuszun, kaftanik, XLII. 637 Ślemiona, XLII. 131 Śparogi, XLII. 629 Śpiewacy wędrowni, XLII. 690 Śpiewki, XLII. 20, 28 Środki magiczne, XLIV. 84 Środowisko geograficzne, XLV. 161, 163 Śudra, XLIII. 298 Święcenie ziela, XLII. 537 Święta Marta, XLIII. 278 Święto rogów, XLV. 319 Świnie, XLV. 148 Świniobicie, XLII. 526 Świniopas, XLII. 548 T Tabakierki, XLII. 620, 621 Tabu, XLV. 80 Talkan, tłukno, XLII. 614, 616 Tamga, gmerk, XLIV. 221 Taniec, tańce, XLII. 20, 28, 238, 239 chodzony, XLIII. 332 okrąg/y, XLIII. 333 obrzędowy, XLV. 81, 87 szocze, XLIII. 332 - walcerki, XLIII. 333 - wiwaty, XLIII. 332 Taradajki do transportu sochy i brony, XLV. 142 Tatuaż, XLV. 327 Teatr tadżycki, XLII. 608 Technika badań społecznych, XLV. 371 Technika kartograficzna, XLIV. 200-204 - odlewanie, XLV. 15 - tkacka, XLII. 634 - uprawy, XLII. 261 Teki Kolberga, XLII. 13, 218, 253, 307-332, 355, 357, 321, 442, 456 Teksty Tuaregów, XLV. 360 Teoria akulturacji, XLIII. 209 - archetypów Junga, XLV. 357, 366 - Czekanowskiego, XLV. 380 - kręgów kulturowych, XLV. 97109 - kulturowych areałów, XLIII. 209 - motywów wędrownych, XLIV. 254 - typów kulturowych, XLII. 714, 715 Terażniejszość w badaniach, XLIV. 158 Tereny pigmejów afrykańskich, XLV. 37 Terminologia skandynawska, XLII. 711, 712 Teza Heyerdala, XLII. 703 Tezy dotyczące przedmiotu celu etnografii,XLIV. 155 Topór obrzędowy, XLV. 87 Totem, totemizm, XLV. 104, 109, 114, 365 Tkactwo hornackie, słowackie, XLII. 682 Tłoka, XLV. 145, 153 Tłuki pięściowe, XLV. 360 Tradycja grecko-rzymska, XLV. 307-314 Transport, XLII. 170-175 - narzędzi rolniczych, XLV. 142 - siana, XLII. 673, 674 Trofea myśliwców afrykańskich, XLIV. 304 Trójpolówka, XLII. 51, 59, 123 - indywidualna, XLV. 133 -- zbiorowa, XLV. 125-156 Trzewiki, XLII. 98 Tylnica, XLIV. 61 Typ austro-afrykański, XLV. 21 Typy hodowli psów, XLIV. 240 Typy gospodarczo-kulturowe, XLIII. 245 - kultur pasterskich, XLIV. 323 - nigrycki, sudański, XLV. 16 - orientalny, XLV. 24 U Ubiór chłopski, XLIII. 352. p. odzież - dziewcząt, XLII. 82, 108, 109 - górala, XLII. 523 - kobiet, YLII. 82-85, 95-98, 102105, 108 - kurpiowski, XLII. 283 - lubelski, XLII. 233 - ludowy, XLII. 779 - "mekkański", XLV. 326 - męski, XLII. 79-82, 307 - odświętny, XLII. 80 - roboczy, XLII. 79-86 Uboczność zjawisk kulturowych. XLIV. 183 Ubój jeleni, XLV. 318 Ugorowanie, XLV. 134, 143, 144 Układ budynków, gruntów, XLII. 121, 131, 722; XLV. 128 Uprawa bananów, XLV. 20 - bru, XLV. 203-223 - lnu, XLV. 144 - prosa w Afryce, XLV. 22 - łopatą, XLIV. 305, 323 - tytoniu, XLV. 145 Upiór, XLII. 553 Uprząż, XLII. 170-175 Urodzenie dziecka, XLV. 364 Ustawy uwłaszczeniowe, XLII. 50, 64, 70, 71, 118, 229, 269, 277, 286 Ustrój feudalny, XLII, 54-56, 69, 117, 230 - patriarchalno-rodowy, XLV. 323 - rodowy Eskimosów, XLIV. 221, 228 - ~połeczny Arabii, XLV. 322 Usytuowanie chaty, XLII. 121, 129 Urządzenia przemysłowe, XLII. 159 -162 Uwrocie, miejsca za wrotami, XLII. 123 Uzupełnianie obrazu rozwoju kultury, XLIV. 159 W Wabie żywe, XLV. 228-239 Wabienie, XLV. 223-262 Wabiki, XLV. 243-257 - bębenkowe, XLV. 251 - mieszkowe, XLV. 290 - muszlowate, XLV. 252 - na łosia, 'XLV. 255 - na sarny, XLV. 254 - piórkowe, XLV. 253 - piszczałkowate, XLV. 246 - tubowe, XLV. 244 - zwane przepiór, XLII. 535 Walka klasowa, XLII. 343 Walki religijne, XLIV. 118-129 Wariant podhalański w bajce, XLV. 273 - ruski, XLV. 269 Warianty azjatyckie w bajce, XLV. 264 - bajki polskiej, XLV. 268, 269 - europejskie, XLV. 264 - bajki zwierzęcej, XLV. 265, 263 Warstwy kulturowe, XLV. 101 - kulturowe Afryki, XLV. 18 Warsztat garncarski, XLV. 416 Wartość materiałów Kolberga, XLII. 358 Wasm, znak dla bydła, XLV. 323 Watówki, XLII. 98 Wazy murzyńskie, XLV. 82 Wątki bajkowe, XLII. 314, 328 - litewskie, XLII. 440 _. lubel~kie, XLV. 274 �639 638 Weryfikacja Kolberga, XLII. 459 Wesele, XLII. 16, 207, 333, 363-378 Westka, kamizela, XLII. 93 Wędrówka Krywiczów, XLII. 498 - ludów, XLV. 25 Wędrówki motywów wątków, XLII. 341 - Słowian wschodnich, Xl II. 501 - śpiewaków, XLII. 690 Węgierskie wydania etnograficzne, XLV. 334, 340 Węglarka, XLII. 539 Wiatraki, XLII. 159, 191 Widły, XLII. 157 Widowiska, XLII. 19 Wielka rodzina, XLV. 324, 329 Wierzeje, XLII. 191 Wierzenia, XLII. 17.; XLIII. 71-92 - Enców, XLII. 623 - ludów myśliwskich, XLV. 113 - religijne afrykallskie, XLV. 364 Wieś kujawska, XLII. 123, 124, 129 - mazowiecka, XLII. 129 -- pańszczyźniana, XLII. 50, 71, 114 - podlaska, XLV. 128, 129 - polska, XLII. 122 - puszczańska, XLV. 132 - socjalistyczna, XLII. 690 - wielkopolska, XLII. 17, 69-114. 1l7, 118, 124, 125, 128, 143,-19!l Widowiska ludowe francuskie, XLIII. 275 Wilcze doły, XLV. 359 Wilkierze, XLII. 137 Wilkołak, XLII.' 541 Wilkou:yj, podwywacz, XLV. 224 Wiły, XLV. 307 Wioski murzyil~kie Mawia, XLV. 71 Wlóka, miara pola, 30 morgów, XLV. 131 Włóki, wloki, XLII. 673.; XLV. 142 - do transportu narzędzi rolniczych XLV. 142 Wnętrze domu, XLII. 164, 165, 186 - izby opoczyńskiej, XLV. 413 Wojownik pruski, XLII. 531 Wozacy podlascy, XLV. 137 Wozy, XLII. 170, 171 - bose, XLII. 171, 174, 175 - póltoraczne, XLII. 170, 171 Wózki powroźnicze, XLII. 673 Wpływ małżeństwa na wielkość gospodarstwa, XLIV. 152 Wpływy azjatyckie w bajce, XLV. 285 - chamicko-kuszyckie, XLV. 22 - rumuńskie, XLV. 472-484 - słowackie, XLIV. 294 Wrota, XLII. 197 - na pole, XLV. 140 Wskaźnik głowy, twarzy, nosa, XLIV. 9 Wsi ubóstwo, XLII. 54, 55 - węgierskiej przemiany, XLII. 689 - układ, XLII. 123 - zakładanie, XLII. 122 - zamożność, XLII. 50, 51, 60, 62, 64, 182, 343 Wspinanie się na słup, XLII. 550 Wspólnota ludu, XLIV. 157 - terytorialna, XLIV. 162 - wschodnio-słowiańska, XLII. 633, 634 Współczesne badania na Kurpiach, XLII. 288-293 Współpraca archeologii z etnografią, XLIII. 183-191, 242 - "Ludu" XLIII. 93 Wycinanki kurpiowskie, XLII. 29 Wydawnictwa Polskiego Towarzystwa Ludoznawczego, XLII. 46 Wydeptywanie zboża, XLV. 384 Wykaz miejsc badanych przez Kolberga, XLII. 398-412 Wykrywanie genezy faktów kulturowych, XLIV. 164 Wypasanie bydła w lasach, XLV. 143 Wyposażenie wnętrza, XLII. 260,261 Wyprawy Wikingów, XLIV. 39 Wyrobnicy, XLII. 73 Wyrwida,b w bajce, XLV. 271, 274 Wystawa budownictwa socjalistycznego, XLII. 649 - sztuki ludowej, XLII. 925-937.; XLIII. 451-463 Wywiad społeczny, XLV. 371 Wywoływanie burzy, XLIV. 88 Wzorcownie przemysłu ludowego, XLIII. 421 Z Zabawki N. Gwinei, XLV. 360 Zadania etnografii polskiej, XLIII. 92 - etnografów, XLIV. 157 - metody kartograficznej, XLIV. 153-204 Zagadki, XLII. 18, 19.; XLIV. 321 Zagon, plosa, XLV. 137 Zagroda, XLII. 127-129; XLV. 151153 Zagroda lubelska, XLII. 129, 130, 135 - mazowiecka, XLII. 128, 129 - wielkopolska, XLII. 128 - w okół, XLII. 128 Zagrodnicy, XLII. 6;2, 71, 73, 190 Za gumnie, droga za stodołami, XLV. 141 Zajęcia pozarolnicze, XLV. 150-151 Zakres etnografii, XLII. 27.; XLIV. 130 Założenia atlasu etnograficznego, XLIV. 154 - badań radzieckich, XLII. 650 - atlasu Górnej Austrii, XLIV. 336 Zakres historii kultury materialnej, XLIV. 131 Zamożność wsi, XLIV. 147, 149 krawędź zagonu, XLV. 138 Zapis melodii, XLII. 225, 238, 239 Zapożyczenia kulturowe, XLII. 341 Zasada kompleksowości w kartografii XLIV. 183, 189, 192 - równości przydziałów, XLIV. ISO Zasięg buku, XLV. 377 - Kaszubszczyzny, XLV. 433 Zasięgi zjawisk, XLIV. 177 Zasłony ślubne tadżyckie, XLII. 630 Zastodole, droga za zagrodami, XLV. 142 Zawartość teki śląskiej Kolberga, XLII. 309-314 Zbieractwo, XLII. 283, 719.; XLV. 133 - pieśni, XLII. 21~ Zbieracze, XLII. 22.; XLV. 46 Zbiory w Gdyni, XLIV. 415 _ Ministerstwa Kultury i Sztuki, XLIII. 419-421 Zespalanie gospodarstw, XLIV. 146 Zespół kulturowy rozerwany, XLV. 102 _ języków sudańskich, XLV. 19 Zgromadzenia Polskiego Towarzystwa Ludoznawczego, XLIII. 9, 62, 168, 487.; XLIV. 512.; XLV. 519544 Ziela, "ciotka", "matka", XLII. 617 Zioła, XLIV. 339 Zielnik Jakuba Wagi, XLV. 204 Zjawiska społeczne, XLIV. 162 Zimne budynki, XLV. 152 Zinwentaryzowanie stano\'1:isk Kolberga, XLII. 451 Złotogłowie kaszubskie, XLIII. 35~ Zmiany kulturowe na wsi. XLII. 344.; XLIV. 177 - w krajobrazie kulturowym, XLIII. 233 Zapaski, zapaszki, �640 641 Zmiany w strukturze gospodarczej, XLII. 288 Zmienność wytworów kulturowych, XLIV. 167 Zmory, XLV. 313 Znaleziska, XLV, 16, 17 Zróżnicowanie budownictwa, XLV. 390 - kultury, XLIV. 169 - lokalne, XLII. 262 - ludności, XLII. 514 - obszaru nadbałtyckiego, XLIV. 33 - zjawisk etnograficznych, XLIII. 11 Związek etnografii z historią, XLIV. 156 Związki przestrzenno-etniczne, XLIV. 162 Zwierzęta w bajce, XLV. 263-305 - udomowione, XLIV. 323 Zwyczaje pasterskie, XLIV. 87, 101 115 Zwyczaje prawne, XLIV. 133 Źródła arabskie, XLII. 685, 756 - archiwalne, XLIII. 93-121 - etnograficzne, XLII. 149.; XLIII. 93-121.; XLIV. 158, 159, 174, 179 - Kolberga, XLII. 360, 429, 438 - zapiw Rudolfa, XLIV. 319 Z Zarowa uprawa, XLV. 356 Żebracy, XLII. 99, 104, 106 Zeglarze, XLIV. 65 Żegluga polska, XLIV. 68 Zelazo, XLV. 14 Żniwa, XLIV. 192, 193 - w Finlandii, XLV. 382 - na Węgrzech, XLV. 334, 335 Żołądź w bajce, XLV. 286 Życie społeczne, XLIII. 63-70.; XLV. 153-154 Żywność, XLII. 233 Bircza Stara, XLII. 303 Boratyn, XLII. 299 Boruszyn, pow. obornicki, Brazylia, XLV. 355 XLII. 104 C J Chełmskie, XLII. 375, 390 mapa Chorwacja, Chrobacja, XLII. 484 Cieszyn, XLII. 311 Czechy, XLII. 48()-485 Czersk, XLII. 11 Czortowiec, XLII. 136 Czukotka, XLV. 315 D Dania, XLIII. 267-269 Dubiecko, XLII. 304 Dudy Puszczańskie, XLII. 279-282 E Elbląg, XLIV. 69 Egipt, XLV. 17 INDEKS ETNO GEOGRAFICZNY * Nazwy geograficzne: kraje, miejscowości, elementy F fizjograficzne. A B Abisynia, XLV. 17, 18, 25 Afryka, XLV. 13-34 Amguema, rzeka, XLV. 318 Ameryka Południowa, XLII. 619 Augustowskie, XLII. 436 mapa Auksztajta, XLIV. 37 Azja t'rodkowa, XLII. 607-609; XLIV. 228-230 Azji Stepy, XLV. 23 Bab-el Mandeb, ciesmna, XLV. 23 Babice, XLII. 303 Bachów, XLII. 296 Bahr-el-Djebel (Nil), XLV. 22 Bahr-el-Ghazai, XLV. 22 Balticum, XLIV. 7-47 Biała Serbia, XLII. 493 Białoruś, XLII. 26, 442; XLV. 226, 240 Z uwagi na znikomą ilość nazw geograficznych nie przeprowadzono szczegółowego podziału nazw geograficznych, elementów fizjograficznych, toponomastyki, ani też nie wyodrębniono nazw na poszczególne części świata. Litera N. oznacza: nowe; M-małe; W-wielkie; D-duże; pow. powiat. Finlandia, 382 XLIII. 269-272; XLV. G Gdań~k, XLIV. 69 Gez-tą-pua nad Amazonką, XLV. 103 Golejewek, XLII. 79 Górny Śląsk, XLV. 358 Góry Świętokrzyskie, XLV. 128 Gruzja, XLII. 661 H Hrubieszów, XLII. 122 Hruskie, pow. Augustów, XLV. 125156 1 ••Lud", t. XLV Indochiny, XLIII. 195 Iskań, XLII. 295 Ituri, rzeka, XLV. 48 Japonia, XLV. 359 Jelenia Góra, XLII. 421 Jeżyce, k. Poznania, XLII. 96 K Kalahari, pustynia, XLV. 19 Kaliskie, XLII. 51, 374, 383 mapa Kamerun, XLV. 351 Kieleckie, XLII. 19, 376 mapa Konojad, XLII. 176, 177 Kościan, XLII. 94 Kórnik, XLII. 78-80 Krajna, XLII. 161 Krakowskie, XLII. 25, 370, 371 Kraków, XLII. 22 Krobienice, Radomskie, XLII. 128 Krotoszyn, XLII. 74 Kujawy, XLII. 19, 121, 125, 369 Kurlandia, XLIV. 36 Kurpie, XLII. 264-293 Krzyworównia, XLV. 243 Kwidzyń, XLIV. 51 L Leszczowate, XLII. 297 Liguria, XLV. 24 Lipa-Lepa, XLIV. 65 Lipnik, W., XLIV. 118 Lubelskie, XLII. 130, 216-248, 374 mapa Ł Łapsze Wyżne, XLIV. 119 Łęczyckie, XLII. 374, 381 mapa 372 �- --'''. .. 643 642 Łoniowa pow. Bochnia, XLV. 214 Łużyce, XLII. 328, 422 M Macedonia, XLV. 240 Malborg, XLIV. 51 Mazowsze, XLII. 125, 249-263, 374, 386, 388 mapa Mazowsze Leśne, XLII. 123 - Polne, XLII. 123 - Stare, XLII. 249-263 Między jezierze afrykańskie, XLV.23 Mieszków pow. Pleszew, XLII. 85 Madlnica, XLII. 22, 36 Modlniczka, XLII. 22 Morawy, XLII. 481, 667-670 Morowica pow. kościerski, XLII. 83, 89 Mozambik, XLV. 70 Myszyniec, XLII. 282, 285 N Nilotów kraj, XLV. 366 Ninino pow. obornicki, XLII. 80 Norwegia, XLIII. 265-267 Nowa Gwinea, XLIV. 299; XLV. 43, 359 o Obornickie, XLII. 165 Orawa, XLIV. 18, 118-129, Osturnia, XLIV. 118 281-396 P Pakosław, XLII. 79 Pałuki, XLII. 161, 167 Peru, XLII. 728 Podhale, XLV. 128; XLIV. 334 Podkarpacie, XLII. 513; XLV. 209 Podlasie, XLV. 128 Pokucie, XLII. 19, 27, 513 Pojana lVIikuli, XLIV. 127 Polesie, XLII. 465, 507-513; XLV. 240 Półwysep Bałkański, XLV. 342-347 Pomorze, XLIII. 252; XLIV. 49 Potaszyca, Potarzyca, XLII. 79, 86 Powiaty: babimojski, XLII. 81, 82, 213 - biłgoraj ski, XLII. 242 - bukowski, XLII. 85, 97, 213 - bydgoski, XLII. 213 - chełmskI, XLII. 242 - chodzieski, XLII. 86-87, 213 - czarnkowski, XLII, 83, 85, 213 - gnieżnieński, XLII. 213 - gostyński, XLII. 86 - hrubieszowski, XLII. 242 - inowrocławski, XLII. 213 - kościański, XLII. 213 - krasnostawski, XLII. 242 - kraśnicki, XLII. 244 - krobski, XLII. 82, 83, 213 - krotoszyński, XLII. 83, 214 - lubartowski, XLII. 244 - lubelski, XLII. 244 - międzychodzki, XLII. 214 - międzyrzecki, XLII, 214 - mogilnicki, XLII. 214 - obornicki, XLII. 85, 214 - odolanowski, XLII. 85, 214 - ostrzeszowski, XLII. 214 - pleszewski, XLII. 81, 83, 214 - poznański, XLII. 214 - puławski, XLII. 246 - radzyński, XLII. 247 - sulechowski, XLII. 111 - szamotulski, XLII, 109, 206, 215 - szubiński, XLII. 215 - średzki, XLII. 83, 98, 215 - śremski, XLII. 215 - tomaszewski, XLII. 247 - węgrowiecki, XLII. 215 - wrzesiński, XLII. 215 Powiaty wschowski, XLII. 85, 215 _ wyrzyski, XLII. 86, 87, 215 _ zamojski, XLII. 247 Powiśle, XLIV. 47 Poznańskie, XLII. 25, 51, 103-113, 201, 215, 371; XLIV. 49 Prusy Wschodnie, XLIV. 47 Przemyskie, XLII. 51, 294-306, 376, 394 mapa Punt, kraj, XLV. 25 Puszcza Augustowska, XLV. 130 _ Nowodworska, XLV. 130 _ Nowogrądzka, XLII. 283 _ Ostrołęcka, XLII. 283 _ Perstuńska, XLV. 130 _ Zielona, XLII. 283, 288 R Radomskie, XLII. 373, 379 mapa Rasztowska Wola, XLII. 322 Roztoka, XLIV. 61 Ruś, XLII. 632 Ryczywół, XLII. 184 Rzeszów, XLII. 19 S , • Sandomierskie, XLII. 51, 368 Sanockie, XLII. 301 Sanu dorzecze, XLII. 294.-306 Sawin, XLII. 350 Siekierki pow. średzki, XLII. 203, 205 Sieniawa, XLII. 299 Skandynawia, XLIV. 7-47 Szwecja, XLIII. 260-265 Słowacja, XLV. 226 Spisz, XLIV. 118-129 Śląsk, XLII. 307-332; XLIV. 49; XLV. 397-399 - Cieszyński, XLIII. 335 - Górn)', XLII. 306 Środa, XLII. 77 Swięciany, XLIV. 18 T Tadżykistan, XLV. 328, 329; XLIII. 208 Tanganika, XLII. 71 Taraskon, XLIII. 274.-279 Tarnowo pow. chełmski, XLII. 130 Tarnów, XLII. 19 Tolkmicko, XLIV. 73 Tomaszowice, XLII. 22 Troki, XLIV. 18 Truso, XLIV. 73 U Ukraina, XLII. 26, 465, 507-513, 631 W Warszawa, XLII. 11, 14, 49 Wielkie Księstwo Poznańskie XLII. 200-215 ' Wielkopolska, XLII. 69-114, 200215, 122, 123 Wielkoruś, XLV. 240 Wietnam, XLIII. 196 Wilno, XLIV. 37 Winiary k. Poznania, XLII. 100 Wiriatyno ZSRR, XLIV. 205 Wolkowe, XLII. 290 Wołyń, XLII. 19,513; XLV. 209,217, 225 Wrocław, XLII. 310 Września, XLII. 77 Wyżyce pow. Bochnia, XLV. 214 Wyszatyce, XLII. 295, 297, 304 Z Zakopane, XLII. 24 Zaharowce, XLIV. 128 ··-~t"". ,..... ".•...• ~ •.' ,. w.' �645 644 1 Zambezi, rzeka, XLV. 22 Z:lmość, XLII. 122 Zastów, Radomskie, XLII. 128 Ziemia Lubuska, XLII. 111 NAZWY SZCZEPOW, l Ż Żabie, XLV. 225 Żakarowce, XLV. 274, 281 Żmudź, XLII. 435 Żuławy, XLIV. 71 PLEMION, A Aeta na Filipinach, XLV. 41 Ajncwie, XLII. 611, 702; XLV. 103 Akoa, Pigmeje, XLV. 44 Andamanie, XLV. 41, 48, 50, 103 Antowie, XLII. 318 mapa, 465, 503, 632, 643 Arabowie, XLII. 607; XLV. 25, 321 Arikena, Brazylia, XLV. 353 Ała, XLV. 356 Awarowie, XLII. 607 Ayom, karły, N. Gwinei, XLV. 42 B Baambe, Pigmeje afryk. XLV. 65 Babali, XLV. 54, 65 Babeyru, XLV. 54 Babinga, XLV. 42, 44 Ba-Bira, Babiru, XLV. 54, 65 Baćwa, Loćwa, XLV. 44, 51 Bagielli, XLV. 44 Bahima, Wahima, XLV. 13, 23 Bakumu, XLV. 54, 65 Balese, XLV. 54, 65 Balika, XLV. 54, 65 Bambuba, XLV. 54 Bambuti, XLV. 35, 41, 43, 45, 48, 54, 65 Bandande, XLV. 54 Bandaka, XLV. 54, 65 Bantu, XLV. 352 Bantuidzi, XLV. 22 Banyari, XLV. 54 Barumbi, XLV. 54 Basua, XLV. 44, 54, 56 Batutsi, Watusi, XL. 13, 23 Batwa-Twa, XLV. 15, 42, 43, 51 Bayakowie, Kongo belg. XLV. 361 Belu, Archipelag Sundajski, XLV. 350 Bhil, szczep indyjski, XLV. 15 Buszmeni, XLV. 15, 19, 43, 103 Bvuba, XLV. 65 Bałtowie, XLII. 471; XLIV. 38, 73 Bamberki, XLII. 102, 103 Bambrzy, XLII. 96, 99-102 Białochrobaci, XLII. 493 Buriaci, XLII. 608 C Efe, Pigmeje, XLV. 44, 65 Encowie, Samojedzi jenisiejscy, XLII. 623 Enowie, XLII. 607 Eskimo!li, XLIV. 221-228; XLV. 316 Eskimosi, ?aleokalifornijczycy, XLV. 103 Estończycy, XLIV. 8 F Fenicjanie, XLV. 25 Filiponi, XLII. 260 Finowie nadbałtyccy, XLIV. 7, 34 Gagauzi, XLII. 608 Gheez, XLV. 25 Gilacy, XLIII. 73 Goci, XLII. 485-491, 517 Górale, XLIII. 335; XLIV. 118-129 Gunantua, N. Brytania, XLV. 365, 368 H Hotentoci, XLV. 23 Huculi, XLV. 227 Hyksosi, XLV. 25, 727 I XLV. XLII. 100, 101 afr., XLIV. 303; K Kamczadale, XLV. 103 Kamilaroi, AU!ltralia, XLV. 103 Karakałpacy, XLII. 607 Karuga, Rodezja, XLV. 367 Kazachy, XLII. 607 Kean, N. Gwinea, XLV. 351 Kindiga, XLV. 24 Kirgizi, XLII. 622, 23; XLIV. 212, 219 Koriacy, XLV. 103, 316 Kurali, LIV. 40 X Kurowie, XLIV. 10, 39 Kurpie, XLII. 264-293 Kumycy, XLII. 608 G Indianie, XLII. 733, 736; XLV. 367 Isneg, XLV. 351 Itelmeni, XLV. 316 D Derlacy-Bambrzy, Dorobo, murzyni XLV. 355 Jamańczycy, Ameryka Płd, XLV. 103 Jukagirzy, XLV. 103, 316, 318 E LUDOW I NARODOW Chanaanejczycy, XLV. 25 Chantowie, XLII. 625 Chazarowie, XLII. 618 Cori, szczep afr., XLIV. 41 Cuna, XLII. 730 Czesi, XLII. 666-688 Czukcze, XLV. 103 - koczownicy, nadmorscy, 316 Dregowicze, XLIII. 304 Dunganie, XLII. 607 J Jadźwingowie, 17 XLII. 257,501; XLIV. L Lapończycy, XLII. 512 Lechici, XLII. 464, 491-494 Lendu, XLV. 20 Litwini, XLIV. 8 Liwowie, XLIV. 8, 24, 30 Ludy Oceanii, XLV. 367 - syberyjskie, XLII. 607, 608 - tungusko-mandżurskie, XLV. 316 Ł Łamutowie, XLV. 316 Łemki, XLVI. 118 Łotysze, XLIV. 8 M Mabudu, murzyni afryk. Madi, XLV. 20 Makonde, XLV: 70-91 Makua, XLV. 70 XLV. 65 �647 646 Mamvu, Momwu, XLV. 20, 54, 65 Mangbetu, XLV. 57 Masaje, XLV. 90 Mawia, XLV. 71 Medje, XLV. 54, 57 Mombutu, XLV. 54, 65 Mazurzy, XLIV. 49 Montanezi, szczep Indian, XLV.227, 239 N Negrito, Pigmeje Azji, XLV. 41 Negritos, Pigmeje filipińscy, XLV. 356 Negryci, Filipiny, XLV. 103 Neurowie, XLII. 479; XLIV. 38 Ngadha, Archip. Sundajski, XLV. 362 Nganasowie, XLII. 607 Niemcy, XLII. 69, 70, 105, 108 Nachurcy, Turkmeni, XLV. 333 O Obongo, XLV. 44 Ojibway, XLV. 109 Olendrzy, XLII. 120, 134 Ordos, XLV. 363 Oroczoni, XLIII. 200 P Papuasi N. Gwinei, XLV. 43, 103 Pigmeje, XLII. 692, 738-748; XLV. 13 - Afryki Środkowej, XLV. 19, 35 - filipińscy, XLV. 357 - nad Ituri, XLV. 103 Polacy, XLII. 69, 70, 79, 103 Pomorzanie, XLIV. 71 R Radymicze, XLIII. Ruanda, XLV. 44 Rumbi, XLV. 87 Rusini, XLII. 296, 297 Rusnacy, XLIV. 119 S Samojedzi, XLII. 623, 624; XLV. 103 Sandawe, XLV. 24 Sekuam, Ameryka Płd. XLV. 103 Semangowie, XLV. 41, 50 - filipińscy, XLV. 103 - malajscy, XLV. 357 Semici, XLV. 24, 32 Senoi filipińscy, XLV. 103 Serbowie Łużyccy, XLII. 422 Siewierzanie, XLII. 644 Skandynawowie, XLIV. 42 Słowacy, XLIV. 129 Słowianie, XLII. 45, 643; XLV. 377 - wschodni i połud., XLII. 497503 Słowińcy, XLIV. 71 Sulka, N. Brytania, XLV. 349 Sumeryjczycy, XLV. 24 Szorcowie, XLII. 614, 663 T Tasmani, Tasmanoidzi, XLV. 354 Tatarzy, XLII. 607 Tuaregowie, XLV. 355 Tunguzi, XLV. '103, 316 Turkmeni, XLII. 607 Twidzi, Pigmeje afro XLV. 43 u Ujgurowie, XLII. 608 Uralczycy, XLII. 661 Urunda, XLV. 44 W 304 Wabudu, murzo afro XLV. 54 Walbiri, Australia, XLV. 353 Wamwere, murzo afro XLV. Wangelina, XLV. 54 Wangwana, XLV. 33 Wapogoro, XLIV. 303 Wayo, XLV. 70 Weddyci, Cejlon, XLV. 103 Wenedowie, XLIV. 65 70 Wiatycze, XLIII. 304 Węgrzy, XLII. 689, 694 Wołosi morawscy, XLV. 339 ż Żmudzini, XLIV. 24 Żydzi, XLII. 69, 70; XLV. 25 INDEKS NAZWISK A Aarne A. LXIII. 289; XLV. 263 Abraham W. XLII. 419; XLIII. 20; XLIV. 134 Adalberg S. XLII. 29 Adamska-Zawistowicz K. patrz Zawistowicz-Adamska Adamus R. M. XLIII. 285 Afanasjew A. N. XLII. 22, 328 Akielewicz M. XLII. 422, 435 Anczyc W. XLII. 370 Andrejew N. P. XLIV. 255 Ankermann B. XLIV. 164; XLV. 20, 21, 34 Antoniewicz W. XLII. 447; XLIV. 504 Antropowa W. W. XLV. 360 Arlt. G. O. XLII. 557 Anuczin D. N. XLIV. 8, 44 Armon W. XLII. 431-445, 768 Assorodobraj N. XLII. 268 Aul J. XLIV. 44 Awizonis P. J. XLIV. 44 B Bac S. XLV. 173 Bach A. XLIV. 164, 193 Bachmann A. XLII. 469 Backman G. XLIV. 44 Bakos F. XLII. 689 AUTOROW Balas E. XLII. 672 Balasso I. XLII. 693 Baliński M. XLII. 226, 265 Balzer O. XLIV. 132; XLV. 126, 156 Bandtkie J. S. XLII. 316, 321 Baran L. XLII. 671 Baranowski B. XLII. 263, 755 Baranowski I. XLV. 126, 156 Barącz, XLII. 298; XLV. 264 Barlow H. XLII. 571 Bartkiewicz W. XLII. 316 Bartok B. XLII. 562 Bastian A. XLII. 340, 346, 704 Baumann H. XLV. 95 Baumgarten K. XLII. 240 Bąk S. XLV. 426 Bechman A. D. XLIV. 230 Belenyesy M. XLII. 691 Belicer W. XLIII. 191 Bergmann E. XLII. 70 Bernheim E. XLV. 98 Bernsztam A. XLIV. 212 Berwiński R. XLII. 24, 30, 31, 45, 146 Białecki, XLII. 317 Biedrzukiewicz J. XLII. 355 Biegajło W. XLV. 127 Bielicki, XLII. 146 Bielski, XLII. 29 Bieńkowski W. XLII. 421 Biester J. E. XLII. 122, 125 Birket K. XLIV. 221; XLV. 93 �648 Bittner-Szewczykowa H. XLII. 947; XLIII. Suplement Bliziński J. XLII. 33, 47 Błaszczyk S. XLII. 776, 922, 957 Błomkwist E. E. XLIII. 211 Boas, XLII. 706 Bobrzyński M. XLII. 413; XLIV. 133 Bogatyrjew T. G. XLIV. 265 Bogdanow A. XLIV. 7 Bogusławski, XLII. 25 Bohomolec, XLII. 25, 30 Bolte J. XLII. 314; XLV. 296 Bornemann F. XLIV. 313; XLV. 92, 357 Bohm J. XLII. 668; XLIV. 193 Brandt B. XLV. 156 Brandt Ch. S. XLIII. 284 Braun F. XLV. 156 Brennsohn J. XLIV. 44 Brensztajn M. XLII. 435 Broca P. XLII. 466; XLIV. 7 Brodziński K. XLII. 26, 37 Brown A. R. XLV. 36 BrUckner A. XLII. 30, 263; XLV. 313, 314 Bruk S. I. XLIV. 219 Buga K. XLII. 499; XLIV. 37 Bujak F. XLII. 416; XLIV. 65; XLV. 126, 156 Bulanda E. LV. 91 Bule van G. XLII. 703, 738; XLV. 68 Burgstaller E. XLIV. 252, 336 Burszta J. XLII. 755, 794, 884; XLIII. 323 Busłajew, XLV. 312 Bystroń J. st. XLII. 28, 44, 309; XLIII. 175; XLIV. 164 Bytnar-Suboczowa M. XLIV. 166 C Casati G. XLV. 52 Cegielski K. XLV. 171 Cernohorsky K. XLII. 666 Chaillu P. XLV. 35 Charuzin A. XLIV. 8, 44 Chitimia J. C. XLIV. 267 Chodakowski A. XLII. 205 Chodźko A. XLII. 26 Chomiński L. XLV. 458 Chmielińska I. LII. 775 Chmielowski T. XLII. 30, 44 Chopin F. XLII. 10, 12, 37, 38, 49, 335 Christian W. XLV. 94 Chybiński A. XLII. 560; XLIII. 20; LIV. 507 X Cichowicz W. XLII. 114; XLIII. 331 Cieśla-Reinfus!owa Z. XLIII. 354, 355 Ciesielski W. XLII. 221, 228, 232, 234-236 Cinciała A. XLII. 311 Ciszewski S. XLII. 32, 315; XLIII. 16 Colling H. D. XLV. 86 Cook J. XLII. 726 Coriat J. E. XLII. 727 Cygański M. XLV. 243 Czacki T. XL!!. 252 Czajewski, XLII. 270, 271, 280-283 Czarnowski S. XLIII. 178 Czeboksarow N. N. XLII. 656; XLIV. 7, 44 Czekanowska A. XLIII. 122, 123 Czekanowski J. XLII. 465-521; XLIII. 16, 17, 303, 312; XLIV. 7, 17, 44, 164, 166; XLV. 13, 23, 34, 38, 53, 207, 397 Czepurkowski E. M. XLIV. 15, 44 Czerniewska K. XLV. 425 Czernik S. XLIII. 325; XLV. 402, 407 Ciźikow L. N. XLIV. 206 , I l \ I l .~ ,l l, I il ! J l J < j I I.. D Damborsky J. XLII. 679, 688; XLIV. 274 Danielewski I. XLII. 24 Dąbrowski J. XLII. 113 Dąbrowski S. XLII. 233, 239 Dąbkowski P. XLII. 414; XLIV. 133 Dekowski J. B. XLV. 384 Delimat T. XLII. 49-68, 238, 285, 800; XL!II. 226; XLIV. 66, 153 Dembowski B. XLII. 24 Dembowski E. XLII. 37, 66, 113 Deniker J. XLII. 517; XLIV. 8, 45 Długosz J. XLII. 44 Dobrowolska A. XLIII. 108 Dobrowolska D. XLII. 644-666 Dobrowolski K. XLII. 454-464, 750; XLIII. 23, 181; XLIV. 502; XLV. 126, 156, 397 Dopsch A. XLV. 156 Doroszewski W. XLIV. 199 Drobna Z. XLII. 668 Druźbacka E. XLII. 360 Drexel A. XLV. 19 Dumont L. XLIII. 274 Dvornik F. XLII. 485, 491, 497-499; XLIII. 308 Dynowski W. XLII. 753; XLV. 156, 373 Dźabbarow I. XLV. 328 E l l I ł Eberhard W. XLV. 93 Edmont E. XLIV. 252 Ehrenkreutz C. XLII. 263 Ehrhardt Z. XLIV. 263 Emin Pasza XLV. 22 Erixon S. XLII. 711 Estreicher K. XLII. 38 F Fajnberg L. XLIV. 221 Falkowski J. XLII. 263, 469; XLV. 180 Federowski M. XLII. 32 Fejos P. XLII. 736 Fiedler R. XLII. 317; XLIV. 338 Fischer A. XLII. 219, 234; XLIII. 77, 80; XLIV. 165 Fischer E. XLIII. 232 Flizak S. XLII. 954; XLIV. 343 Flor F. XLV. 93 Florea Florescu, XLV. 347 Fojtik K. XLII. 675 Franko I. XLIII. 12, 13, 71 Frankowska M. XLIII. 37; XLIV. 154, 165 Frankowski E. XLII. 645; XLIII. 17, 354 Fritz J. M. XLII. 317, 329 Frobenius L. XLIV. 164; XLV. 26, 98 Fryczowa M. XLV. 263, 305 Funk, XLIII. 288 G Gajek J. XLII. 13, 35-48, 218, 337, 422, 454, 576, 631, 758, 797, 893, 909,962; XLIII. 9,23,37,174,337, 449, 504; XLIV. 153, 159, 165, 204, 239, 251, 512; XLV. 177, 203 Gajkowa b. XLII. 885, 909; XLV. 621-660 Gajzlerowa W. XLIV. 279 Gansiniec-Ganszyniec R. XLIII. 20, 77, 78, 323; XLIV. 75; XLV. 12 Garyga B. XLIV. 250; XLV. 158202 Gawarecki H. XLII. 265, 267, 276, 281 Gawełek F. XLII. 38, 439 Gawron W. XLII. 950 Gayre G. R. XLIII. 246 Gerson W. XLII. 11 Gieysztor A. XLIII. 301 �650 651 Glapa A. XLII. 69-114, 421-424, Gillieron J. XLI. 252; XLV. 445 782, 937; XLIV. 350; XLV. 401 Gliński M. XLII. 23 Gloger Z. XLII. 121, 219, 265, 269, 276, 281, 293; XLV. 156 Gluziński J. XLII. 130, 140, 222, 228, 238 Gładysz M. XLII. 307-332, 753 Gołębiowski Ł. XLII. 143, 223, 283, 316 Gorecki A. XLII. 26 Gorki M. XLII. 648 Gostomski A. XLII. 44, 137 Gotkiewicz M. XLIV. 118, 298 Gottfried K. XLII. 298 Grabowski B. XLIV. 134 Graebner F. XLIV. 164; XLV. 19, 110 Grajnert, XLII. 270, 271 Graus F. XLII. 667 Grimm J., Grimowie, XLII. 22, 227, 326; XLV. 265, 271 Grottger A. XLII. 37 Grube O. XLIV. 45 Gunda B. XLV. 338 Gurwicz I. S. XLV. 318 Gusinde M. XLIV. 314; XLV. 42, 44, 59, 94, 369 Heine-Geldern R. XLV. 93 Heinitz W. XLII. 570 Hejnosz W. XLII. 413-420, 795; XLIII. 325; XLIV. 130 Hempel M. XLII. 350 Hensel W. XLII. 631 Henzel T. XLIII. 427; XLV. 21, 34 Hesch M. XLIV. 45 Hettner H. XLIV. 164, 193 Hilden K. XLIV. 45 Hławiczka K. XLII. 238 Hoff J. B. XLII. 201-204, 211, 212, 312, 322 Hoffmanowa K. XLII. 222-224 Holsche XLII. 252, 261 Hołubowicz W. xLIII. 89, 188 Horalek K. XLIV. 269 Hryncewicz-Talko J. XLIV. 11, 46 Hiibner A. XLIV. 193 Hynek J. XLII. 223 Hytrek A. XLII. 311 I Ilin G. F. XLIII. 298 Inglot S. XLV. 160, 172, 186 Iskrzycka XLII. 219 Iwanow S. W. XLII. 609; XLIV. 240; XLV. 332 Iwanowsky A. A. XLIV. 45 H Haas W. XLII. 558 Hacquet XLII. 227 Haekel J. XLV. 92 Halban L. XLII. 415; XLIV. 132 Hammarda C. F. E. XLII. 308 Hanneson G. XLIV. 45 Hanusz I. XLII. 223 Haudricourt A. G. XLII. 470 Haupt L. XLII. 309, 337, 422 Haur, J. K. XLII. 44, 227 Hedemann, XLII. 263 Heimendorf K. XLV. 73 J Jabłczyński J. XLII. 145 Jackowski A. XLII. 769 Jacobeit W. XLIII. 442 Jakimowicz XLII. 263 Jakóbczyk W. XLII. 70-73, Jaraczewska Z. XLII. 223 Jaroszewicz XLII. 252 Jasińska R. XLII. 25, 36 Jastrzębski J. XLII. 238 Jenike E. XLII. 11, 250 Jerums N. XLIV. 45 114 • Johansen P. XLIV. 45 Johnson H. XLII. 52 Jostowa W. XLIII. 335; XLIV. 501 Judenko K. XLIII. 49-63 Jurczenko B. XLII. 358 Juszkiewicz A. XLII. 432 Kaiser E. XLIV. 193 Kalina A. XLIII. 12 Kałużyński XLIII. 435 Kamiński M. XLII. 441 Kandt-K;;.ntorowicz R. XLV. 15 Kapuściński M. XLIV. 126 Karłowicz J. XLII. 9, 20-23, 31, 32, 40, 119, 121, 219, 345, 43fl; XLIII. 10, 71; XLIV. 164; XLV. 450 Karpiński F. XLII. 320 Karpińska I. XLII. 779 Karwot E. XLIII. 71, 89, 314 Kavuljak A. XLIV. 126, 281 Kaznowska-Jarecka B. XLV. 519 Keller XLII, 223 Kiekebusch A. XLIII. 242 Kielisiński W. XLII. 78, 82, 90, 94, 102-110, 114; XLIII. 331 Kiełczewska-Zalewska H. XLV. 126, 156 Kierski E. XLII. 146, 207, 211 Kiparsky V. XLII. 499; XLIV. 10, 45; XLV. 381 Kislakow N. A. XLII. 609 Kitowicz J. XLII. 120, 283 Klimaszewska J. XLII. 750; XLIV. 166 Klimczyk Z. XLII. 84, 92 Klinger W. XLV. 3-07--':3'"14 Klonowicz F. XLII. 29, 44 Klonowski A. F. XLIi. 955 Kluk K. XLV. 158, 207, 230 Kłoskowska A. XLII. 645; XLIII. 27; XLIV. 155; XLV. 373 Knapp G. F. XLII. 331 Kocka W. XLII. 483 Kojdecka A. XLIII. 225; XLIV. 238; XLV. 334 Kolankowski L. XLII. 263; XLV. 126, 156 Kolberg O. XLII. 22, 31, 39-48, 116, 148, 209, 221-224, 252, 253, 265, 283, 289, 308; XLIII. 12, 172, 177, 183, 293, 327, 331, 334; XLIV. 136, 179; XLV. 451 Koller O. XLII. 559, 563 Kołłątaj H. XLII. 216, 320 Komorowski I. XLII. 11 Konopczanka A. XLII. 38 Konopka J. XLII. 11, 250 Kopczyńska-Jaworska B. XLIV. 509 Kopernicki I. XLII. 9, 13, 20, 31, 200-220, 250, 294, 300, 349, 432, 486; XLIV. 7 Koppers W. XLII. 701-710; XLV. 92, 358 Korabiewicz W. XLV. 7()-91 Koranyi K. XLIII. 20, 79q XLII. 962 Korczewski XLII. 29 Kossinna G. XLIII. 242 Korompay B. XLII. 692 Korotyński L. S. XLII. 212 Kostrzewski J. XLII. 447; XLIII. 187, 191 Kotoński W. XLIV. 507 Kott J. XLII. 239, 270 Kovacewicz S. XLII. 682 Kowalczyk J. XLIII. 186 Kowalenko W. XLII. 453 Kowalska-Lewicka A. patrz Lewicka-Kowalska Kozłowski K. XLII. 265 Koźmian J. XLII. 222 Kraiński E. XLII. 297 Kramarik J. XLII. 670, 674; XLIV. 269 Krasoń J. XLII. 464 Krasowski W. XLV. 386 �652 653 Kraus S. XLII. 217 Krcek F. XLII. 327 Krescentyn P. XLV. 207, 229 Kroha I. XLII. 559 Krupianska W. I. XLII. 656 Krzywicki L. XLII. 282, 486; XLIII. 173 Krzyżanowski J. XLII. 9-34, 456; XLIII. 357, 448; XLV. 263, 267, 296 Kuba L. XLII. 310 Kuchta J. XLV. 313 Kuhn A. XLII. 326 Kukier R. XLIV. 484 Kulczycki J. XLII. 645; XLIII. 24; XLV. 394 Kunicki L. XLII. 130 Kunz L. XLII. 676 Kuroń!ki E. XLIV. 48 Kuruc P. XLIV. 119 Kusznier P. I. XLII. 651 681, 689, 894; XLIII. 63,' XLIV: 16l, 165, 174, 389 Kutrzeba-Pojnarowa A. XLII. 263, 265, 269, 758; XLIV. 489, 495, 503 Kużmicz B. XLIII. 157 Kuzniecow W. G. XLV. 318 Kwaśniewicz W. XLII. 701, 750 Kwaśniewska-Trawińska M. XLII. 249-263; XLIII. 236, 241; XLIV. 340; XLV. 125-155, 342, 347 Kwaśniewski K. XLIII. 255 282' XLIV. 338; XLV. 203-21~ 370' 377, 460 ' , L Labuda G. XLII. 480, 758; XLIII. 24; XLIV. 163, 165, 169, 173, 194 Lachnicki XLII. 252, 261 Lam L. XLII. 33, 68, 254 Landau E. XLIV. 45 Lebzerter XLV. 94 Lelewel J. XLII. 252, 268, 292 Lenartowicz T. XLII. 37,39,47,217, 250 Lenin W. I. XLII. 658; XLIV. 261 Leontiew N. P. XLIV. 253, 255 Lewicka-Kowalska A. XLII. 729, 733, 735, 738, 765, 949; XLIII. 288, 334, 337 Lewicki M. XLII. 785; XLIII. 431 Lewicki T. XLII. 756 Lewin M. XLII. 650 Libelt K. XLII. -i8, 202, 212 Ligęza J. XLIII. 471 Linde B. XLII. 40 Lipiński T. XLII. 201, 212, 226, 265 Lips J. E. XLV. 373 Liske K. XLII. 120 Lampa J. XLII. 24, 312, 324 Lorentz F. XLV. 267 Lowie XLII. 706 Lubicz R. XLII. 254 Luschan F. XLV. 15 Lutyński J. XLII. 645; XLIII. 27; XLIV. 155 L Lepkowski J. XLII. 319 Lęga W. XLIV. 67 Lękowski L. XLII. 227 Łopaciński H. XLII. 9, 31, 219, 234; XLV. 460 Łoś J. XLII. 310 Łowmiański H. XLII. 263, 282; XLV. 126, 157 Loziński L. XLII. 296 Łubieński W. XLII. 226 Łukaszewicz J. XLII. 145 Ły~ik S. XLV. 35 M Macdonald A. W. XLIII. 296-298 Maciejowski A. XLII. 40, 318 Maciesza A. XLII. 487 Majer J. XLII. 250; XLIV. 7 Majewski K. XLII. 749 Malewska Z. XLII. 237, 576, 631, 643, 758, 884-886 Malinowski B. XLII. 257, 705 Malinowski L. XLII. 21, 309, 312, 317; XLIV. 120 MaliilOwski T. XLII. 446-453; XLIII. , . 183 Małecki M. XLIV. 198 lVIannhardt W. XLII. 327 Markoni K. XLII. 11 Marin L. XLIV. 325 Marr, XLII. 646 Masłowa G. S. XLIII. 192; XLIV. 242 Matiegka I. XLII. 482 Matyniak A. XLII. 794 Maurizio A. XLV. 206 Mawrodin W. W. XLII. 499, 643644; XLIII. 226; XLIV. 64 Mączyński J. XLII. 370 Mehler J. XLV. 166, 182 Medggers B. J. XLIII. 286 Meier E. XLII. 326 Meitzen A. XLII. 281; XLV. 125, 157 Mersmann H. XLII. 560 Meskank J. ŻLIV. 348 Merzbach L. XLII. 211 Meyer E. NLV. 24 Miarka K. XLII. 324 Michna W. XLII. 299 Milewski T. XLII. 227; XLIII. 22, 283; XLIV. 45; XLV. 19, 22, 34, 67 Miller M. XLV. 320 Micińska M. XLII. 952; XLV. 418 Mioduszewski XLII. 25, 240 Mitkowski J. XLIV. 495 Montandon G. XLV. 376 Morgan, XLV. 24 Moraczewska B. XLII. 206 Morawski XLII. 146 Morgen3terI'..- S. XLII. 571 Moszyński K. XLII. 263, 469, 753; XLIII. 19, 23, 168, 177; XLIV. 165, 166, 200; XLV. 11, 206, 453 Mościcki XLII, 263 Mlihlmann W. E. XLV. 48 Mydlarski J. XLII. 516; XLIII. 302, 435-441; XLV. II, 17 N Nahodil O. XLII. 669, 679 Narbutt T. XLII. 252, 442 Naruszewicz A. XLII. 320 Naryszkin W. W. XLIV. 209 Navratil J. XLII. 679, 688 Nasz A. XLII. 454; LIII. 24, 32 Necel A. XLIV. 57 Nedo P. XLII. 791 Nehring W. XLII. 319 Nesselmann G. H. F. XLII. 439 Niederle L. XLII. 688; XLV. 346, 377 Niemcewicz J. XLII. 293 Niesiecki K. XLII. 226 Nickel J. XLIII. 260 Nitsch K. XLII. 314, 495; XLIII. 16; XLIV. 51, 164, 195; XLV. 427456 Nizińska I. XLIV. 498, 500 Nordenskiold E. XLV. 93 Nosek S. XLIII. 187 Nowakowski J. F. XLII. 318 Nowosielski XLII. 18 O Ochmański W. XLV. 160 Ogrodziński W. XLII. 318 Okładnikow A. P. XLIV. 209 Olderogge D. A. XLII. 609; XLV. 34, 329 Olechnowicz W. XLIV. 11, 45 Olszew~ki W. XLII. 271, 285 �654 Optołowicz J. XLII. 216-248 Orańska J. XLII. 114; XLIII. Orkan W. XLII. 69 Orłowa A. XLV. 329 Orlowicz M. XLII. 298 Ortu ta y G. XLII. 694 Osiecki XLII. 271 Osipowicz A. XLII. 46, 218 Osiński K. M. XLIV. 498 Otrębski J. ?eLlI. 767 otto K. H. XLIII. 241 331 P Parczewska M. XLII. 317 Pauli Z. XLII. 336 Pawlak A. XLIII. 333 Pawłowska J. XLII. 925 Perszyc A. I. XLV. 321 Pessler W. XLIV. 164, 193 Petsch W. XLIII. 253; XLIV. 47 PękaIski M. XLII. 238 Piaścik F. XLV. 157, 386 Pieradzka K. XLII. 782; XLIV. 66 Pietkiewicz K. XLII. 777, 934 Piłsudski B. XLIII. 76 Piprek J. XLIV. 186 Piwocki K. XLII. 770; XLIII. 345 Plater S. XLII. 145, 209, 212 Plezia M. XLII. 644; XLIII. 105 Pojnarowa-Kutrzeba A. patrz Kutrzeba-Pojnarowa Polakiewicz M. XLII. 961, 962 Pol W. XLII. 123, 321 Pokropek M. XLV. 177 Polivka J. XLIV. 267 Polisensky J. XLII. 669 Polujański XLII. 252, 261, 281 Poniatowski S. XLII. 415; XLIII. 23; "XLIV. 164 Popiel S. XLII. 470 Potapow L. P. XLII. 609, 613, 669, 897, 899 Potiechin I. I. XLII. 651; XLIV. 155; XLV. 34, 331 Potkański K. XLIII. 15; XLV. 126, 157 Potocka K. XLII. 87, 88 Potocki L. XLII. 439 Poulik J. XLII. 667 Poutrin D. XLV. 36 Prazak V. XLIV. 269 Prus K. XLII. 318 Priifferowa-Znamierowska M. XLII. 263, 727; XLIV. 351-391 Przesławska H. XLIII. 274 Przewalski XLV. 242 Przeworska J. p. Rosen-Przeworska Przeździecki M. XLII. 45 Przybysławski W. XLII. 351 Przyjemski F. 495-498 Puffke E. XLII. 24 Purkynie J. XLII. 318 Puszet L. XLII. 119, 121 Puszkarewa L. XLIV. 211 Pypin A. XLII. 27, 34 Q Quatrefages A. XLV. 36, 39 R Raczyński E. XLII. 145 Radyń P. XLII. 733-735 Radońska T. XLII. 212 Rajewski Z. XLII. 631 Ratzel F. XLIV. 164 Reinfuss R. XLII. 114, 239, 753, 769, 795, 797; XLIII. 24, 356; XLIV. 505; XLV. 157 Refnfussowa-Cieśla Z. XLIII. 354, 355 Reychmann J. XLII. 694; XLV. 334 Rieger A. XLII. 554-606; XLIII. 122 Rivet P. XLII. 732; XLIII. 282 , ! 655 Robakidze A. I. XLII. 661 Rosen-Przeworska J. XLIII. 344, 351 Rosiński B. XLII. 486 Rostafiński J. XLII. 36; XLV. 204 Rostworowski XLII. 30 Roger J. XLII. 311 Rohr E. XLIV. 193 Rutkowski J. XLV. 157 Rzewuski H. XLII. 226 S ~ I Sarnicki XLII. 146 Schebesta P. XLII. 703, 744; XLV. 35, 41, 54, 65, 94 Scheur D. F. XLII. 559 Schlagenhaufen O. XLIV. 45 Schmidt E. XLIII. 253; XLV. 45 Schmidt W. XLII. 701; XLIV. 164, 313; XLV. 21, 39, 50, 123,349,357, 362, 365 Schneider LII. 296 Schumacher K. XLIII. 244 Schumacher P. XLV. 43, 51 Schwalbe G. XLV. 45 Schwartz W. XLII. 327 Schweinfurth G. XLV. 15, 35 Semkowicz WI. XLIV. 281, 488-495 ~erafin S. XLV. 386 Serejski M. H. XLII. 266, 268 Seweryn T. XLII. 522-553, 753; XLIII. 85, 103, 347; XLIV. 391, 508; XLV. 223-262 Siarkowski W. XLII. 315 Sierpiński S. XLII. 226 Skalnikowa O. XLII. 675 Skimborowicz XLII. 37 Skurzak L. XLIII. 2'98 Sincerus XLV. 158 Smith-Birket K. XLV. 93 Smogorzewski K. XLIV. 49 Smolarski lVI. XLII. 120 Schlenger H. XLIV. 164, 193 Smoljak A. W. XLV. 315 Smolerj, XLII. 309, 337, 421-424, 789-794; XLIII. 256 Snigirew O. XLIV. 46 Sobiescy J. lVI.XLIII. 122, 332, 465; XLIV. 507 S'obieski lVI. XLII. 239, 456, 767; XLIV.506 Sobisiak W. XLII. 143-199; XLIII. 93; XLIV. 348 Sokołow J. lVI.XLII. 647; XLIV. 255 Sommer E. LII. 327; XLIV. 8 Soderstrom J. XLII. 726 Spamer A. XLIII. 255, 259 Speiser F. XLV. 45, 47, 50 Spławiński-Lehr T. XLII. 478 Stankowa J. XLII. 682 Starek E. XLIV. 501 Staszczak Z. XLII. 925-947; XLIII. 24; XLIV. 153, 522; XLV. 384, 386 Steć T. XLII. 464. Steinitz W. XLIII. 236, 256; XLIV. 234 Stelmachowska B. XLIV. 481-488 Stęczyński XLII. 296 Stieber Z. XLIV. 199 Stieda L. XLIV. 7 Stojanowski K. XLII. 486 Stojkowa S. XLV. 342 Słotyhło E. XLIV. 11, 46 Stopa R. XLII. 703, 710, 748; XLV. 493 stout D. B. XLII. 729 Stranska D. XLII. 671; XLIV. 251 Stryczek J. XLV. 460 Stuhlmann F. XLV. 22, 34, 52 Styś W. XLIV. 137; XLV. 126, 157 Strzała K. XLIV. 266 Sucharewa O. A. XLIV. 228 Sumcow, XLV. 313 Surowiecki W. XLII. 146,466.; XLIII. 170 �657 656 Sirennius S. XLV. 204 Syrokomla W. XLII. 26 Szachmatow A. XLII. 499, 501.; XLIII. 304 Szalitowa W. XLII. 36 Szczepański J. XLII. 645 Szczepański R. XLIII. 296 Szczotka S. XLII. 879, 884 Szmielewa M. N. XLIV. 205 Szolnoky L. XLII. 690 Szyfelbejn Z. XLII. 264-293 Szyperski A. XLII. 464 Szwengrub L. M. XLV. 373, 399 Średniawa M. XLIV. 502 Świątkowska J. XLII. 780 Świeżawski E. XLII. 227 Świeży J. XLII. 233, 239, 351.; XLIV. 508 Świętek J. XLIII. 73 Świrko S. XLIV. 448, 451 Świtkowski P. XLII. 118 T Taylor, XLIII. 289 Tetmajer J. XLII. 26 Thompson S. XLIII. 289 Tille W. XLIV. 267 Tłoczek I. XLV. 386 Tokarew S. A. XLII. 649, 651; XLIII. 27: XLV. 330 Tołstow S. P. XLII. 609, 657; XLIII. 27; XLIV. ISS, 239; XLV. 329 Tomicki J. XLII. 118. 145, 148 Topolski J. XLV. 160, 189 Trawińska-Kwaśnicwska M. patrz Kwaśniewska-Trawińska. Tretiak J. XLII. 13 Turczynowicz M. XLII. 44, 114, 200-215, 301, 314, 352, 421, 456 Turnau I. XLII. 402 Tykiel B. XLII. 265, 281 Tylor E. B. XLII. 704; XLIV. 166 Tymieniecki Twardowski K. XLII. 265, 474 K. XLII. 17, 552 U Udziela S. XLII. XLIII. 15 13, 33, 306, 310.; V Vakarelski Ch. XLII. 693 Vanoverbergh P. XLV. 50 Va~mer M. XLV. 377 Vidal de la Blache, XLIV. 194 Vilppula H. XLV. 382 Vinson J. XLV. 16, 34 Virchow R. XLII. 481; XLV. 7, 46 Vitols T. M. XLIV. 46 Vorbichler A. XLV. 68 WitkiEWicz S. XLII. 24 Witwicki S. XLII. 356 Wojciechowski T. XLII. 256, 266, 484 Wojciechowski Z. XLIII. 424-427 Wokroj F. XLII. 477; XLIII. 431, 441 Wolff W. XLII. 331 Wolniewicz W. XLII. 203, 339 Wolski K. XLII. 294-306; XLIV. 499; XLV. 348 Wozaczyńska A. XLIII. 123, 139 Wójcik K. W. XLII. 12, 37, 72, 114, 146, 222, 223, 265-268, 276, 278, 283 Wróblewski T. XLII. 115-142; XLIII. 191; XLIV. 324, 332, 336; XLV. 358, 368 Wrzosek A. XLIV. 4.:3 Wysłuchowa M. XLII. 312 Wyszniepolski S. A. XLIII. 225 W Wacław z Oleska, XLII. 125 Wagnalls F. XLIII. 288 Waldhauer F. XLIV. 46 Waga J. XLV. 204 Waligórski A. XLII. 725; XLIV. Wallis S. XLIII. 357 Wanke A. XLII. 297, 467; XLIV. Waryński L. XLII. 113 Wasilewski E. XLII. 26 Weinberg R. XLIV. 8 Weinhold K. XLII. 319.; XLIV. Weiss R. XLII. 694-701 Werlin, XLII. 560, 561 Wesołowski A. N. XLIV. 254 Weule K. XLV. 70, B6 Węgrzynowicz L. XLII. 762 White A. L. XLIII. 283, 287 Wielowiejski J. XLIII. 246 Wieniawski A. XLII. 226, 227 Wilczewski H. XLIV. 56; XLV. Wildhaber R. XLIII. 259 Wilkońska P. XLII. 201, 203 Wiłkoński A. XLII. 145 Z 503 Z3.borski B. XLV. 157 Zagórski W. XVII. 26 Zajączkowski S. XLV. 157 Zajączkowski W. XLII. 608, 787; XLV. 315 609, Zakrzewska M. XLII. 239 Zakrzewski A. XLII. 265, 269, 276; XLIV. 166 Zakrzewski W. XLII. 11 Załęski G. XLII. 303, 304 Zatorski F. XLII. 433 Zawiliński R. XLIV. 166 Zawistowicz-Adamska K. XLII. 332-412; XLIII. 107, 169; XLIV. 509; XLV. 536 Zborowski J. XLII. 765 Zdziarski S. XLII. 312 Zejszner L. XLII. 26; XLIV. 128 Ziemacki W. XLV. 399 Zienkowicz L. XLII. 76, 146 Ziętkiewicz L. XLII. 206 Zin W. XLV. 386 Znamierowska-Priiferowa M. patrz Priifferowa-Znamierowska Z\volakiewicz H. XLII. 219, 220, 237, 239 Zygadłowicz F.XLII. 114 Żdanko T. A. XLIV. 238 Żmichowska N. XLII. 37 Żółtowski W. XLII. 227 Żupański, XLII. 200, 201 Żyga-A. XLIII. 325.; XLV. 406,407,410 17 WYKAZ INSTYTUCJI 338 421 NAUKOWYCH Akademia Umiejętności w Krakowie, XLII. 211, 212 Anthropos Institut we Fryburgu, XLIV. 289-324; XLV. 93, 348 Archiwum Polskiego Towarzystwa Ludoznawczego, we Wrocławiu, XLII. 306 Duńskie Muzeum Narodowe w Kopenhadze, XLIII. 268 L'Ethnographie, Paryż, XLIV. 325326 Etnologiczne Muzeum w Berlinie. XLV. 347 12 "Lud". t. XLV I ETNOGRAFICZYCH Instytut Etnografii Mikłucho-Makłaja w Moskwie, XLII. 886, 893; XLII. 206-207; XLIV. 7, ISS, 180 - Etnologiczny Uniwersytetu w Wiedniu, XLV. 91 - Etnograficzny w Sofii, XLV. 347 - Geograficzny w Warszawie XLV. 126 - Historii Kultury Materialnej w Warszawie, XLIV. 153 - literatury im. A. Gorkiego w Moskwie, XLIV. 254 - Morski w Gdańsku, XLIV. 57 �658 Instytut Niemieckiej Etnografii w Berlinie, XLIII. 256 - Zachodni w Poznaniu, XLV. 397 .Jakuckie Archiwum Republikańskie XLV. 318 Komisja Antropologiczna Polskiej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, XLII. 269 - Historyczna Polskiej Akademii Umiejętności, XLII. 269 Kongres Nauk Antropologicznych i Etnograficznych w Filadelfii, XLV. 368, 485-513 - Wiedeński Etnologów, XLV. 96 Północny Kongres Slawistów w Upsali, XLV. 381 Muzeum Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne w Łodzi, XLV. 384, 411418 - Etnograficzne w Budapeszcie XLV. 347 - w Białowieży, XLII. 801 - w Białymstoku, XLII. 802 - w Bielsku, XLII. 359 - w Brzegu, XLIII. 372 - w Chełmie, XLII. 854 - w Darłowie, XLII. 326 - w Chorzowie, XLIII. 363 - w Cieszynie, XLIII. 364 - w Częstochowie, XLIII. 366 - w Gdańsku, XLII. 817 - w Gliwicach, XLIV. 368 - w Golubiu, XLIII. 419 - Górnośląskie w Bytomiu, XLIII. 361 - w Grudziądzu, XLII. 807 - Instrumentów Muzycznych Vi Poznaniu, XLIII. 387 Vi Jarosławiu, XLIII. 388 - w Jeleniej Górze, XLII. 505-508 Vi Kaliszu, XLIII. 379 - w Kamiennej Górze, XLIII. 408 - w Kartuzach, XLII. 870 659 Muzeum w Kętrzynie, XLII. 870 w Kielcach, XLII. 822 - w Krakowie, XLII. 830-843.: XLIV. 391-451 - w Kwidzynie, XLII. 820.; XLV. 418 - w Lesznie, XLIV. 381 - w Lublinie, XLII. 855 -, w Łomży, XLII. 803 - w Łowiczu, XLII. 801-865 - w Międzyrzeczy Wielkopo~skim, XLIII. 413 - Narodowe w Kopenhadze patrz Duńskie Muzeum Narodowe - Nordyczne w Sztokholmie, XLII. 717.; XLIII. 261 - w Nysie, XLII. 373 - w Olsztynie, XLII. 871 - w Opolu, XLIII. 378-378 - w Piotrkowie, XLII. 865 - w Poznaniu, (Rogalin), XLII. 382-387 - w Przemyślu, XLII. 390 - w Rabce, XLII. 844 - w Raciborzu, XLIII. 378 - w Radomiu, XLII. 825 - w Rzeszowie, XLIII. 391-395 - w Sanoku, XLIII. 395 - w Nowym Sączu, XLII. 843 - w Sieradzu, XLII. 867 - w Słupsku, XLII. 827 - w Sosnowcu, XLIII. 369-372 - w Szczecinie, XLIII. 396 - w Szczytnie, XLII. 875-878 - w Tarnowie, XLII. 845 - w Tomaszowie Mazowieckim, XLII. 869 - w Toruniu, XLII. 808-815 - fur Volkerkunde w Lipsku, XLV. 421 - w Warszawie, XLIII. 399-405 - \ve Włocławku, XLII. 815 - we Wrocławiu, XLIII. 411 Muzeum w Zakopanem, XLII. 864 - w Zamościu, XLII. 860 - w Zielonej Górze, XLIII. 413 - w Zywcu, XLII. 851 Państwowy Instytut Sztuki w"'Varszawie, XLII. 769; XLII. 125 Polski Atlas Etnograficzny, Zakład we Wrocławiu, XLIV. 143-204, 512; XLV. 177, 394 Polskie Towarzystwo Ludoznawcze we Wrocławiu, XLII. 263, 416: XLIII. 9-122 WYKAZ CZASOPISM Poznańskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk, XLII. 37, 47, 71, 200, 203, 206, 207, 211, 212 Skansen w Sztokholmie, XLII. 263 Uniwersytet Dorpacki w Dorpacie, XLIV. 8 - Królewiecki w Królewcu. XLIV.12. - Ryski w Rydze, XLIV. 9 Wiedeński w Wiedniu, XLIV. 10; XLV. 91-125 Wileński w Wilnie, XLIV. 8 - Wrocławski w" Wrocłewiu, XLII. 316 WYDAWNIC1W Archiv fUr Slavische Philologie, kloristica Europea, XLII. 710XLII. 340 727; XLIII. 261 Ateneum, XLII. 9 Gazeta Codzienna Warszawska, XLII. Atlas Etnograficzny Węgierski, XLV. 223, 271 336 - Lwowska, XLII. 223 Atlas Etnograficzny Polski patrz: - Rolnicza, XLII. 271 Polski Atlas Etnograficzny - Gospodyni Wiejska, XLII. 271 Atlas Polskich Strojów Ludowych, - Gwiazdka Cieszyńska, XLII. 324 XLIII. 337-345 Kłosy, XLII. 204, 223, 227 Biblioteka Warszawska, XLII. 14.5 Kratkije Soobszczenja Inst. Etn. Ceskoslovenska Etnographie, XLII. AN. SSSR. XLII. 607-608 679 Kronika Rodzinna, XLII. 271 Cesky Lid, XLII. 666; XLII. 226-232 Kultur und Sprache, XLII. 701 Deutsches Jahrbuch fUr VolkskunKurier Warszawski, XLII. 271 de, XLIII. 236 Kwartalnik Historii Kultury MateEncyklopedia Powszechna Orgelrialnej, XLII. 749 branda, XLII. 145 Lao!, XLIII. 261 - Rolnicza War~zawska, XLII. 116, Lingua Posnaniensis, XLII. 765128, 145, 223 768 Ethnographica, XLII. 689-694 Lud, XLII. 33, 758; XLIII. 9 Dziennik Ekonomiczny Zamojski Mały Atlas Gwar Polskich, XLV. 177 XLV. 158 Materiały Antropologiczne, Archeo- Lwowski, XII. 223 logiczne i Etnograficzne, XLII. - Poznański, XII. 203 33, 269 Anquetes du Musee de la Vie WaMrćwka Poznańska, XLII. 145 lonne, XLIII. 280-282 Muzeum Domowe Kalendarzowe, Folk-Liv, Acta Ethnologica et FolXLII. 145 42· �660 Opiekun Domowy, XLII. 204 Orędownik, XLII. 73-145 Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science Arts and Letttres, XLIII. 283-284 Polski Atlas Etnograficzny, XLII. 242, 899-909; XLIII. 9, In, 249; XLV. 493-516 Polska Sztuka Ludowa, XLII. 768779; XLIII. 345; XLIV. 2.54 Prace Etnologiczne, XLIII. 9 Prace i Materiały Etnograficzne, XLIII. 9 Przyjaciel Ludu, XLII. 17, 74, 76, 107, 114, 145, 200, 201 Revista del Instituto Etnologico Naciona1, XLII. 732 Ricerche Slavistiche, XLIII. 272274 Roczniki Poznańskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Nauk, XLII. 145 Sbornik Muzeja Antropołogii i Etnografii, XLII. 609, 624 Etnograficz. Sbornik, XLV. 315 Sowietskaja Etnografija, XLII. 631; XLIII. 192q XLIV. 205; XLV. 320 $rednieazjatskij Etnograficzeskoj Sbornik, XLII. 608, 609 Starożytności Polskie, XLII. 145 Handbuch der Prowinz Posen, XLII. 145 Tygodnik Ilustrowany, XLII. 130, 145, 271 - Lech, XLII. 93, 114 - Powszechny, XLII. 223 Wiener Beitrage zur Kulturgeschichte und Linguistik, XLII. 701 Wierchy, XLII. 762-765; XLIII. 333 Wisła, XLII. 9, 33, 416; XLIV. 179 Zeitschrift fi.ir Ostforschung, XLIII. 232-236 Zbiór Wiadomości do Antropologii Krajowej, XLII. 33, 269; XLIV. 179 Zorza, XLII. 317 SPIS RYCIN 1. 2. 5. , 4. Prof. Kazimierz Moszyński . Mapa 1. Języki Afryki na pocz. I tysiąclecia Mapa 2. Języki Afryki w XVIII w .. Mapka 1. Tereny zamieszkałe przez pigmejów w Afryce centralnej Mapka 2. Tereny zamieszkałe przez ludy karłowate w połud. wsch. Azji Plan zagród i pól we wsi Hruskie . Taniec szczepu Makonde. Fot. autor . Maska ~tandartowa. Muzeum Kultury i Sztuki Ludowej Warszawa, nr inw. 3591. E. Fot. CAF, 1959 Maska z grupy "b" (Mawia) M. K. i S. L. Warszawa, nr inw. Ludowej - Warszawa. Fot. B. Czarnecki, 1959 . Maska z grupy "d" (Mawia) M. K. i S. L. - Warszawa, nr inw. 3578 E. Fot. CAF, 1959 . 5. Ma~ka z grupy "B" (Mawia) M. K. i S. L. Warszawa, nr inw. 3586 E. Fot. CAF, 1959 . 6. Maska z grupy "a" M. K. i S L - Warszawa nr inw 3594 E. Fot. CAF,1959 7. Maska indywidualna (księża) M. K. i S. L. - Warszawa, nr inw. 3588. E. Fot. CAF, 1959 . 8. Wazy gliniane (Mawia). Fot autor 9. Rycerz-tancerz (Mawia) Fot. autor la. Fajka wodna Niungwe (Mawia) Fot. autor. 11. Ingainga - prochownie szczepu Mawia. Fot. autor. 12. Rzeżba na obrzędowym toporze (Mawia) Fot. autor . 13. Maska twarzy z kłódką wargową oraz maska kobiecych piersi (Makonde) Fot. autor 14. Bębenek ze wsi Tenga-Tenga, Mozambik (Mawia) Fot. B. Czarnecki, 1959 15. Pług wg Sincerusa (Uwagi Tygodniowe Warszawskie 1769, nr VIII, fig. 1) 16. "Pług osobliwszego rodzaju na drapanie nowin i zoranie onych w poprzek" fig. 2) (Uwagi Tygodniowe Warszawskie 1769 , nr VIII , 9 15 32 37 40 128 72 74 75 76 n 78 79 82 83 85 86 87 88 89 161 161 �663 662 17 i 18. Pług wg K. Kluka (O rolnictwie. '. Wrocław 1954, wyd. S. Inglota, fig. XII i XIV, s. 93 (ryc. 3 i 4.) 161 19. Socha wg K. Kluka (O rolnictwie ... Wrocław 1954, wyd. S. Inglota, fig. XIII, 93 (ryc. 5) . 173 20. Socha wg Dziennika Ekonomicznego Zamojskiego, Zamość 1804, nr 16, tab!. "Ekonomia" do nr 16, fig. 12 (ryc. 6) 173 21. Pług wg Dziennika Ekonomicznego Zamojskiego, Zamość 1804, nr 16 "Ekonomia" do nr 16, fig. 1-11 (ryc. 7) . 184 22. Radło wg Dziennika Ekonomicznego Zamojskiego, Zamość 1804, nr 16, tab!. ,.Ekonomia" do nr 16, fig. 13-20 (ryc. 8) 184 23. Pług (der Prager Pflug) wg .J. Mehlera (Der Ackerbau des Kanigreichs Bahmen ... Erste Sammlung ... tab!. V) ·(ryc. 9) 185 24. Radło (Der RadIo. Ein Raadhacken in dem Berauner Kreise) wg J. Mehlera (Der Ackerbau des Kanigreichs ... Erste Sammlung ... tab!. IX (ryc. 10) 185 25. Mapa - Zasięgi nazw niektórych części pługa (ryc. 11) 191 26. Tablica - Tablica orientacyjna nazw pługa i jego części 196-197 27. Tablica - Nazwy buszki i jej części. 198-199 28. Tablica - Nazwy radła i jego części . 200-201 29. Rys. 1. Ber-Setaria Italica B. - okaz ze wsi Wyżyce, pow. Bochnia. Fot. K. Kwaśniewski, 1959 r. 205 30. Mapa - Ryc. 2. Obszar uprawy bru. Wycinek z mapy podkładowej Polskiego Atlasu Etnograficznego 210 31. Ryc. 1. Łowienie wrony przez powieszoną wronę (rys. autor) 229 32. Ryc. 2. Odyma i pęta na puchacza (według Dombrowicza, rys. autor) ~ 236 33. Ryc. 3. Kosz do noszenia puchacza na placówkę na słupie (według K. Dombrowicz, rys. autor) 238 34. Ryc. 4. Tak zwane maniaki lub bałwany na cietrzewie. (Według W. Korsaka, rys. autor) 239 35 Ryc. 5. U góry wabik na cietrzewie i jarząbki, u dołu wabik na przepiórki (według J. Szytlera, rys. autor) 247 36. Ryc. 6. U góry: wabik na lisa, rysia i wilka, niżej wabik na zająca (według .T. Szytlera) z boku: na lisa z pow. Bochnia (rys. autor z okazu w Muzeum Etnograficznym w Krakowie) . 249 37. Ryc. 7. Wabik na przepiórki (Rys. autor z okazu w Muzeum Etnograficznym w Krakowie) 251 38. Ryc. 8. Wabik na sarny, Łapczyca, pow. Bochnia (rys. autor) 254 311. Ryc. 9. Wabik na łosia (według J. Szytlera, rys. autor) . 255 40. Ryc. 1. Narzędzia rolnicze. Fragment wystawy etnograficznej w Muzeum Archeologicznym i Etnograficznym w Łodzi. Fot. K. Wecel, 1959 412 41. Ryc. 2. Wnętrze izby wiejskiej w Opoczyńskiem. ~tawy etnograficznej w Muzeum Archeologicznym nym w Łodzi. Fot. K. Wecel. 1959 . 42. Ryc. 3. Warsztat garncarski. Fragment wystawy w Muzeum Archeologicznym Etnograficznym K. Wecel, 1959 43. Prof. Dr Kazimierz Nitsch 44. Mgr inż. Ludwik Chomiński I, I Fragment wyi Etnograficz413 etnograficznej w Łodzi. Fot. 416 427 458 �665 ANTHR aPa S. Fr'.!iburg 1955-1956, vol. 50, 51 (Tadeusz Wró348 blewski Intcrnational (Krzysztof Articles Pages C z e k a n a w s k i. Ethnic structure of Africa and its latest features Stefan Ł y 5 i k. African Pygmies and the problem of their language Wacław Kor a b i e w i c z. Mawia big artist . Edward B u l a n d a. Is it the crisis of the Vienna. Ethnologic School Maria T r a w i ń s k a - K w a ś n i e w ska. Researches on the question of a collective three-field system of agriculture in the village Hruskie, district of Augustów in the XIXth and XXth centuries Bolesław G a r y g a. Agricultural literature of the XVIIlth and XIXth centuries as source for the investigation of tools used for the cultivation of soil Krzysztof K w a ś n i e w s k i. Cultivation of bru (setaria italica) in Minor Poland during the XXth century Tadeusz S e we r y n. Hunting lure methods Maria F r y c z. Tale of the animals in the hut Witold K I i n g e r. Once more about mermaids and related demonic figures and dependence on the Greek-Roman tradition Jan II. Reports 13 35 70 91 125 159 203 223 263 307 and reviews The Siberian Ethnographic Collection II (Works of the N. N. Mikłucho-Maklaj Ethnographic Institute, Academy of Sciences of the URSS, vol. XXXV, Moscow-Leningrad 1957) Włodzimierz Zajqczkowski . Soviet Ethnography, Academy of Sciences of the URSS, Moscow 1956, bulletin 3 (Anastazja. Kojdecka) Jan R e y c h m a n. From Hungarian editorial ethnographic sources Sz. Judit M a r v a y. Women in big familic5. Budapest 1956 (Maria S. Georgieva (Maria . S t a j k a v a. The hearth Trawińska-Kwaśniewska) in Bulgarian .. 315 'f 320 334 340 . 342 Bobu F I a r e s c u. Soft foot-wear of the Rumanians. Bucarest 1957. Studies of popular art and ethnography, vol. I (Krzysztof . 370 Museums Report on the activity of the ethnographic section of the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography in Łódź (Maria Misińska) . Exhibition of the relics of the past of folk art in the area of Powiśle. Museum in Kwidzyń. (He; bert Wilczetcski) Krystyna C z e r n i e w ska. Reminiscence of Folk Art in Leipzig Kazimierz Nitsch as dialectologist, investigator and connoisseur of the folk culture (Stanis'aw Bqk) . Ludwik Chromański. (Euze b:llSZ Łopaciński) Krz:-"sztof K w a ś n i e w s k i. From the activity of the scientific ethnographic societies at-road Florea Wolski) 368 . 411 418 421 IV. Chronics . life. Sofia 1956 . Kwaśniewski) III. . Tra wińska-Kwaśniewska) of Social Sciences, vol. IX (1957) nr 3, Unesco The I N T E R V I E W. Forms. Technique. Evaluation. Practical social investigations. Published by Rene Konig with assistance of Dietrich Ruschenmeyer and Erwin K. Schenk. Cologne 1957 . Observation and experiment in the social investigations II. Publi5hed by Rene Konig with a5sistance of Peter Heinz and Erwin. K. Schench. Cologne, 1956 (LUi Maria Szwengl ub) Julius E. L i p s. At the sources of civilization. UnL'2rsal Science, Warsaw 1957 (Kszllsztof Ku:aśniewski) . Jan C z e k a n a w s k i. Preface to the history of Slavs. Anthropologic, ethnographic and linguistic perspectives. Second edition, newly reviewed. Western Institute, Poznań 1957 (Valentin Ki]:arsky) Hilkka V i l P P u I a. Threshing in Finland. Ethnographic Bulletin X Helsingfors, 1955. (Zofia Staszczak) J. P. D e k o w 5 k i. Interier of a Jasie!1 hut. Works and Materials of the nr 2, Łódź 1958 (Zofia Stas;:czakówna) Władysław K w a ś n i e w i c z. New publications from the domain of village building Stefan N a w a k o w s k i. Adaptation of the population in the Opole Silesia. Western Institute, Poznań 1957. (Liii Maria Szwengrub) Władysław Z i e m a c k i. Materials to the history of dresses in 18181863. Archives of Ethnography nr 10, Wrocław 1956 (Irena Turnau) Stanisław C z e r n i k. Polish folk epics. National Library. Series I. Wrocław 1957 (Aleksander Zyga) . Jan S t r y c z e k. With a peasant's pen. Folk Editorial Cooperative Society. Warsaw 1956 (Altksander Zyga) T ABLE OF CONTENTS I. Scientific Bulletin 347 '\ 427 458 460 �666 Dymitr Kra n d Ż a I a w. From the "Carpathian" discussion during the XXXIth plenary meeting of the P T L (Polish Ethnologic Society) in September 1956 in Zakopane . Report on the participation in the Vth Congress of Anthropologic and Ethnologic Sciences in Philadelphia, the 1-9 August 1956 Roman Remarks 485 Stopa) on the Staszczak) trial copy the Polish Ethnographic Atlas (Zofia . Polemics. (Barbara Kazanowska-Jarecka) Proceedings of the XXIInd Plenary Session of the PTL in Szczecin, the 6-8 September 1957. (Adam Glapa) Proceedings of the XXXIIInd Plenary Session of the PTL in Cieszyn (Adam Report Glapa, on the Jadwiga activity Kucharska, of the Boleslaw Limanów Kuzmicz) Section on the of the PTL on the of the Lublin Section of the PTL on the (Sebastian Report of the fJódź activity or the Mszana (Janusz Section of the PTL (Jadwiga Report 547 Dolna Section of the PTL Flizak) on the activity ciszek 549 of the Olsztyn Section of the PTL (A. Fran- Klonowski) on the activity 5E3 of the Opole Section of the, PTL (Stanislaw Bronicz) Report on the on the activity of the Poznań Section of the PTL (Tadeusz 58 activity of the Toruń Section of the PTL (K'alina Antonowicz) Report on the activity 560 of the Wałbrzych Section of the PTL (Lesław of the Zakopane Section of the PTL (Wanda Lubowiecki) Report 4. 556 Wróblewski) Report HH ~ e K a H a B c K 11. 3THI1'IeCKaH CTpyKTypa AcPPl1KI1 11 HOBeHWl1e HaCJIOeHI1H . CTecPaH JI hIC 11K. AcPPI1KaHCKl1e nl1rMel1 11 np06JIeMa I1X H3blKa . Bal\JIaB K a p a 6 e B 11'I. MaKoHJ\e - BbIJ\alOll\l1eCH CKyJIbnTOpbI . 3J\yap,l\ B y JI H H J\ a. HMeeM JII1 MbI J\eJIo c Kpl1311COM:3THOJIOrl1'IecKOH BeHcKoH WKOJIbI? MapbH T P a B 11H b C K a - K B a c b H e B c K a. HCCJIeJ\oBaHVIH no BOnpocy KOJIJIeKTI1BHOHTpeXnOJIbHoi1 CI1CTeMbI B p;epeBHe rpYCKe, aBrycToBcKoro nOBeTa B XIX >1 XX BeKax BOJIeCJIaB r a p bI r a. CeJIbCKOx03Hi1cTBeHHaH JII1TepaTypa 18 VI 19 BeKOB 11CTO'IHI1KP;JIH I1CCJIe,l\OBaH>1H>1CTOpl1l13eMJIeJ\eJlb"J.ecK>1X OPY,l\>1H Kp]K>1llJTOcP K B a C b H e B c K 11. KYJlbTypa 6py (setaria itaUca) B MaJIOH IIoJIbJlle B XX BeKe . Tap;:3YJll C:3 B :3P bI H. OXOTHI1'Ibl1 cnoco6bI npl1MaHKI1 . MapbH <P p >1'I. CKa3Ka o 1KI1BOTHbIXB 1136YWKe . B>1TOJIbP;K JI >1H rep. Ell\e o pycaJIKaX >1 pop;CTBeHHbIX p;eMOH>1'IeCK>1X cPlirypax >1 >1X 3aB>1CI1MOCT>1 OT rpeKO-pYIMCKOMTpap;Hl\>1YI. 545 activity on the activity 125 159 203 609 611 307 315 ?WecKu) Miscellanea Jeleniewski 91 C>16>1pCK>1M 3THorpacPl1'łeCKI1i1 C60PHI1K II (TpYAbI HHCT>1TYTa3THOrpacPl1>1 AKap;eMI1I1 HaYK CCCP I1MeHI1 H. H. MI1KJIyxo-MaKJIaH, TOM XXXV, MocKBa-JIeHl1Hrpa,l\, 1957 (BJW03U.M.epJłC 3auo'lt'f,- 566 Summaries in English and Russian - Eugeniusz Index of the XLII, XLIII, XLIV and XLV \'olumes by O. G.) List of illustrations. 13 35 70 II OT1.jeTbI >1 pel\eH31111 564 Jost) CTaTbl1 crp. 519 544 activity Kucharska) Report I HaY'IHbIe (piotr Or;tołowicz) Report or JIABJIEHHE 494 517 531 Orzechowski) Report 472 COBeTcKaH 3THorpacPI1H. AKap;eMl1fl HaYK CCCP, MocKBa 1956, TeTpa,l\b 3 (AHacTacbR Kouo3u,'Ka) RH P a H X M a H. H3 BeHrepCKI1X :3THOrpaep>1'IeCKI1X113p;aTeJIbCTB C. IOP;>1T MopBai1. 2KeHIlII1HbI B 60JIbIlll1X ceMbRX. Byp;aneIllT 1956 570 of the L U D (made 613 660 (MapbR TpaBUHbC'Ka-KBaCbHeBC'Ka). <P.'1opea B06y <P.'1 o p e C KY. MRrKaH 06YBb y PYMbIH. ByxapecT 1957 HccJIellOBaH>1H B 06J1aCTI1 HapO,l\HOrO I1CKyccTBa 11 :3THOrpaepm'I, TOM I (KPJłCUlliTOijJ BOJl.bC'KU) . \ " 320 342 347 �668 66 j AHTponoc. eppeCl6ypr 1955-1956 50. 51 (Tao3ym TOM (KPJlCUW.TO¢ YHecKo l1HTepBblO. 348 Bpy6JteBC"Ku) (1957) MeJK~YHapo~HbICI 6lOJWeTeHb C011MaJlbHbIXHayK, TOM IX Hp. MCCJle~OBaHMe.113,11aTeJlbPeHe pMXOM PlOweHMei1epoM 368 OI.\eHKa. KeHMr illoClxOM, 1957 KeJlbH 370 Tpy.n;HM"łeCTBe C ITeTepoM 1956 (JIuJtu KeJlbH, MapbR IOJlI110C E. JI M n C. Y. 'ł 3HaHl1e. KMe, ::JTHorpa<pM<reCKl1eM JlIo1HrBJ.'lCTM<reCKMe nepcneKTMBbI. H. IT. 3n 11 MaTepMaJlbI TR6pR 382 ,1l;e K OB C K 11. BHyrpeHHee My3eil y6paHcTBo ApxeoJlorl111 "łeCKaR Cepl1R Hp. 2, JIO~3b 10136hIB HceHe. 11 3THorpacPl1l1· 1958 (CO¢UR CTaw,a'K) Tpy.n;bI 384 386 CTpOT-1TeJlbCTBa 1957 (J{.uJtu MapbR 397 3 e M R 11K H. 1818-1863. MaTepl1aJlhI no HCTOpHH O,LIeJK.n;bIBpeMeH 3THorpacPW-IeCKl1J1 ApXJ.'lB Hp. 10, Bp0l.\JIaB 'ł 399 e p H 11K. OJlI10TeKa. Cepl1R I. IIOJlbCKaR Hapo~HaR 3nHKa. 402 nepaTMB. BapwaBa 1957 (AJte'Kca'H.Op 3bLza) HbIi1 113.n;aTeJlbcKMJ1 KoonepaTMB. 406 1956 (A.1eKCa1iOp 3blza). 6·-8 ceH- 519 C06paHYIR PTL B TeWMHe (Aoa.M. (IIeTp OpJICe- 531 BOJteCJlaB KY3b.M.U'l/.) 544 (H'H.yw. On'to- 545 JI.08U'l/.) . OT"łeT (Ho Buza Ky- 547 O ,IleRTeJlbHOCTM OJlbWTJolHCKOrOOT~eJIeHI1R PTL 407 B MwaHe ,1l;OJIbHOi1(C36aCT'bJl.'H, <PJtu3a'K) 549 O ~eRTeJlbHOCTJolOJIbWTMHCKoro oT.n;eJIeHMRPTL TUWe'K (A. <Ppa'H,- 553 KJte1iOBC'Ku) (CTa'H.UCJlaB Bpo- 'H.U'l/.) 556 OT,1IeJIeHMRPTL (Tao3Yw. Bpy- 558 6JteBcKu) OT'leT nOJlbCKOrO Hapo.n;a. Hapo~- BapwaBa B II.I;eTMHe . IIJleHapHOro KyxapcKa, . Co6paHMR PTL OT"łeT o ~eRTeJIhHOCTI1n03HaHCKoro HH C T P M <re K. MY'KI111KI1M nepOM. Hapo.n;HbIi1 113.n;aTeJlbcKI1i1KooCTaHMCJIaB 'ł e p H M K. IOMOP 11 caTMpa IIJleHapHoro o ,IleRTeJlbHOCTMTopyHcKoro OT~eJleHMR PTL (KaJlu'H.a A'H.Ta- 1iOBU't) YKa3aTeJlb 485 494 517 . OT"łeT o .n;eRTeJIbHOCTM OnOJlbCKOrOOT~eJIeHYIRPTL Hapo.n;HaR BVI- Bpo11J1aB 1958 (AJteKCa'H.Op 3b~za) HOBuza Craw,a'K) K03'H.OBC'Ka-Hpeu,'Ka) (Aoa ..M. r JtJtna) 1956 r. (Po.M.a'H.CTana) XOBC'KU) OT"łeT 1956 (Mpe- 'H.a TYP'H.ay) . CTaHl1CJlaB rJtRna, XXXIII aBrycTa TeTpa~11 rrOJlbCKOrO 3THorpaqm- xapc'Ka) Il18e'H.- zpy6) BJla~bICJIaB np06Hoi1 OTQeT O ~eHTeJIbHOCTM JlO~3MHCKoro OT~eJIeHJolRPTL CT::JcPaHH o B a K OB C K M. A.n;anTa11I1RHaCeJleHMR B OrroJlbcKOi1 CVIJle3MM. 3ana.n;HhIi1 l1HCTI1TyT. IIo3HaHb IIpoTOKOJI r. 472 AHTpOnOJlOrM"łecKMx M 3THorpa<pM<reCKMX HaYK nOBo~y XXXII 1957 3THorpacPl1"łeCKOrO 06I.I.\e- OTQeT O ,1IeRTeJIbHOCTM JIlO5J!MHcKoro OT,1IeJIeHMRPTL BJla.n;bICJlaB K B a C b H e B C K M. HOBbIe ny6JIl1Ka11l1M 101306JIaCTM ~epeBeHCKoro (IIoJlbcKoro OT"łeT O ~eRTeJIbHOCTl1JlMMaHOBCKoro OT,1IeJIeHl1RPTL 3THorpaC!::ll1- . IIpoToKoJl npeHMi1 BO BpeMR XXXI r. B 3aKonaHOM . "łeCKOrO ATJIaCa (Co¢uJt epMHJIRH.n;HM.reJIbCI1HrcPopc, B no IIoJIeMYIKa (Bap6ap~ 1957 CTaw,aK) 460 B epMJla,1leJlb<pYIM, COCTORBweMCR1-9 3aMe'laHMR 377 B VIJI b rr n y JI R. MOJlOTh6a 1955 (CO¢UR 1956 OT"łeT O V KOHrpecce 113~a- HaHOBO 06paOOTaHHoe. 3arra.n;HbIH l1HcTHTyT. IT03HaHb, (BaJte'H.TU'H. Kunapc"Ku) rMJlbKKa C'be3.n;a PTL CTBa) B ceHTR6pe I1CTO<rHI1KOB I.1I1BI1J1M3aI.1I1H. Bce06u.(ee 427 458 JIonaTbL'H.bCKU) 06I.I.\eCTB 3arpaHMu;ei1 . nJleHapHOro 1ll0i1xOM. Il1Be'H.zpy6) e K a H O B C K M. BBe.n;eHl1e B MCTOpl1lOCJlaBJIH. AHTpOITOJlOrM<rec- Hl1e II, ,'1MaJIeKTOJlOr,MCCJle.n;OBaTeJlb M 3HaTOK HapO,1lHoi1 ,ll;MMYITp KpaH,1IJKaJIOB. 113 "KapnaTCKYIX" 113.n;aTeJlb PeHe KeHl1r B CO- reClHI.\eM 11 3pBMHOM K. 1957 (KPJlCUW.W.TO¢ KBaC'H.eBC'Ku) . BapwaBa RH P. - KpJKMWTOcP KBaCbHeBCKM. 113 ,1IeRTeJlhHOCTl13THorpacPYI"łeCKYIX Hay'lHbIX Ha6mo.n;eHMe M 3KCrrepl1MeHT B COI.1l1aJlbHOM I1CUle.n;OBaHI1I1.ITpaKTM"łeCKOe COI.\MaJlbHOeMCCJle~OBaHMeII. XpoHMKa (CTa'H.Uc.1aB BO'H.K) . JIlO,1IBMKXOMHHbCKI1 (3y336uyw. B COTpY~HWłeCTBe C ,1l;MT- 1013PBMHOM K. Ka3MMepJK Hl1'l Ky.lIbTyphI C011l1aJlbHOe ITpaKTw'lecKoe IV 3 KBaCb'fteBCKU) epOpMbI. TexHMKa. .~ 560 XLII, XLIII, XLIV JolXLV TOMa JIlO~a (M3,11.O. r.) . JIw6oBeu,'Ku) 613 564 OT"łeT O ,1IeRTeJIbHOCTM 3aKonaHCKoro OT~eJleHMJl PTL (Ba'H.oa MacT) 566 OT<reT O .n;eRTeJlbHOCTH 3THorpacPl1"łeCKOrO oT.n;e.rreHMRApXeOJlOrM<recKOrO M 3THorpacPl1<reCKoro MY3eR BbIcTaBKa naMRTHMKOB Hapo.n;Horo B KBI1,'13bIHe (fep6epr KpbIcTbIHa B JIO.n;3H (MapbR MCKyccTBa MUCU'H.bC'Ka) ITOBMCJlMR B 418 BuJtb'teBcKu) 'ł e p H e B C K a. Bne'laTJleHHR KHi1 MY3eCl B JIei1nI.1Mre . 411 Pa3Hoe My3ee Pe3lOMe Ha aHrJlMi1cKoM JolPYCCKOMR3bIKax "YKa3areJIh ::JKCKYPCMM B 3THOJlOrH'leC- 421 XLII, XLIII XLIV M XLV - 3yr::JHMyw EJleHeBCKl1 TOMa JIlO.n;a (M3,11.O. r. CnMCOK MJlJllOCTpaI.\Mi1 ~lil (J~ 570 613 660 �